{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: Development of the phage lysin-loaded liposomes as preservatives for live clams.
{Author}: Ning H;Zhang J;Zhao Q;Lin H;Wang J;
{Journal}: Int J Food Microbiol
{Volume}: 387
{Issue}: 0
{Year}: Feb 2023 16
{Factor}: 5.911
{DOI}: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2022.110059
{Abstract}: Exogenous applications of phage lysins against Vibrio parahaemolyticus (V. parahaemolyticus) are a challenge due to the gram-negative bacteria outer membrane barrier. This study aimed to improve the antibacterial effect of V. parahaemolyticus phage lysin Lysqdvp001 (Lys), the best-characterized lysin with lytic activity against multiple species of Vibrios, by using liposome delivery. Various kinds of Lys-loaded liposome (Lys-lip) systems were designed and tested. The antibacterial activities of cationic guar gum (CGG) containing liposomes were much higher than the other liposomes, causing >5 log10CFU/mL of reductions of V. parahaemolyticus in buffer and severely damaging the bacterial cell structure. Moreover, some CGG liposome formulations retained high antibacterial effect after both 60-80 °C heat treatments and freeze-drying. Besides, the most stable liposome formulation killed 99 % of V. parahaemolyticus in the seawater with live clams, and its depuration rate against the bacterial contaminated clams also reached 99 %.