{Reference Type}: Case Reports {Title}: A rare case of placental mesenchymal dysplasia - case report and literature review. {Author}: Dumitru AV;Vasilescu SL;Meca DC;Munteanu O;Ciongariu AM;Sajin M;Costache M;Edu A;Cîrstoiu MM; {Journal}: Rom J Morphol Embryol {Volume}: 62 {Issue}: 3 {Year}: Jul-Sep 2021 {Factor}: 0.833 {DOI}: 10.47162/RJME.62.3.26 {Abstract}: Described as a rare anomaly of the placenta, with a reported incidence of 0.02%, mesenchymal dysplasia is a benign condition characterized by placentomegaly, grape-like vesicles and by microscopic features resembling those of a molar pregnancy, such as hydropic villi, cistern formation and dysplastic blood vessels. We report a rare case of placental mesenchymal dysplasia diagnosed in a pregnancy with early symmetric fetal intrauterine growth restriction and a normal karyotype. Based on this case report, we discuss the particularities of this condition, emphasizing the ultrasonography and histopathological findings.