{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: Structure and function of negative-strand RNA virus polymerase complexes.
{Author}: Pyle JD;Whelan SPJ;Bloyet LM;
{Journal}: Enzymes
{Volume}: 50
{Issue}: 0
{Year}: 2021
暂无{DOI}: 10.1016/bs.enz.2021.09.002
{Abstract}: Viruses with negative-strand RNA genomes (NSVs) include many highly pathogenic and economically devastating disease-causing agents of humans, livestock, and plants-highlighted by recent Ebola and measles virus epidemics, and continuously circulating influenza virus. Because of their protein-coding orientation, NSVs face unique challenges for efficient gene expression and genome replication. To overcome these barriers, NSVs deliver a large and multifunctional RNA-dependent RNA polymerase into infected host cells. NSV-encoded polymerases contain all the enzymatic activities required for transcription and replication of their genome-including RNA synthesis and mRNA capping. Here, we review the structures and functions of NSV polymerases with a focus on key domains responsible for viral replication and gene expression. We highlight shared and unique features among polymerases of NSVs from the Mononegavirales, Bunyavirales, and Articulavirales orders.