{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: Distribution of rare earth elements (REEs) and their roles in plants growth: A review.
{Author}: Tao Y;Shen L;Feng C;Qu J;Ju H;Yang R;Zhang Y;
{Journal}: Environ Pollut
{Volume}: 0
{Issue}: 0
{Year}: Nov 2021 18
{Factor}: 9.988
{DOI}: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118540
{Abstract}: As part of the leap development of high-tech, REEs have become emerging pollutants that have attracted more and more attention in our production and life. This article summarizes and discusses the distribution and detection rate of REEs in the world's soil and water, and briefly introduces the top five countries with rare earth reserves in the world. The focus is on the impact of REEs on plant, including the distribution of REEs in plant tissue and their bioavailability; the effect of REEs on seed germination and growth; the role of REEs in plant resistance, including abiotic stresses such as low temperature, salt stress, drought, and heavy metal stress; the response of REEs in plant physiology and biochemistry, including mineral absorption, photosynthesis, as well as the description of the substitution mechanism of REEs competing for Ca in plant cells. Summarized the possible mechanism of REEs to activate endocytosis in plants, and provided some reference and insights for revealing the mechanism of REEs affecting endocytosis from the perspective of cell and molecular biology. Finally, it points out the future development direction of rare earth and the problems considered in its application. The purpose is to provide reliable reference materials for the effective use of rare earth resources and the protection of the ecological environment.