{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: Molecular Pathology of Gliomas.
{Author}: Galbraith K;Snuderl M;
{Journal}: Surg Pathol Clin
{Volume}: 14
{Issue}: 3
{Year}: Sep 2021
暂无{DOI}: 10.1016/j.path.2021.05.003
{Abstract}: Gliomas are the most common adult and pediatric primary brain tumors. Molecular studies have identified features that can enhance diagnosis and provide biomarkers. IDH1/2 mutation with ATRX and TP53 mutations defines diffuse astrocytomas, whereas IDH1/2 mutations with 1p19q loss defines oligodendroglioma. Focal amplifications of receptor tyrosine kinase genes, TERT promoter mutation, and loss of chromosomes 10 and 13 with trisomy of chromosome 7 are characteristic features of glioblastoma and can be used for diagnosis. BRAF gene fusions and mutations in low-grade gliomas and histone H3 mutations in high-grade gliomas also can be used for diagnostics.