{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: Integrative Modeling of Plasma Metabolic and Lipoprotein Biomarkers of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Spanish and Australian COVID-19 Patient Cohorts.
{Author}: Masuda R;Lodge S;Nitschke P;Spraul M;Schaefer H;Bong SH;Kimhofer T;Hall D;Loo RL;Bizkarguenaga M;Bruzzone C;Gil-Redondo R;Embade N;Mato JM;Holmes E;Wist J;Millet O;Nicholson JK;
{Journal}: J Proteome Res
{Volume}: 20
{Issue}: 8
{Year}: 08 2021 6
{Factor}: 5.37
{DOI}: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00458
{Abstract}: Quantitative plasma lipoprotein and metabolite profiles were measured on an autonomous community of the Basque Country (Spain) cohort consisting of hospitalized COVID-19 patients (n = 72) and a matched control group (n = 75) and a Western Australian (WA) cohort consisting of (n = 17) SARS-CoV-2 positives and (n = 20) healthy controls using 600 MHz 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Spanish samples were measured in two laboratories using one-dimensional (1D) solvent-suppressed and T2-filtered methods with in vitro diagnostic quantification of lipoproteins and metabolites. SARS-CoV-2 positive patients and healthy controls from both populations were modeled and cross-projected to estimate the biological similarities and validate biomarkers. Using the top 15 most discriminatory variables enabled construction of a cross-predictive model with 100% sensitivity and specificity (within populations) and 100% sensitivity and 82% specificity (between populations). Minor differences were observed between the control metabolic variables in the two cohorts, but the lipoproteins were virtually indistinguishable. We observed highly significant infection-related reductions in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subfraction 4 phospholipids, apolipoproteins A1 and A2,that have previously been associated with negative regulation of blood coagulation and fibrinolysis. The Spanish and Australian diagnostic SARS-CoV-2 biomarkers were mathematically and biologically equivalent, demonstrating that NMR-based technologies are suitable for the study of the comparative pathology of COVID-19 via plasma phenotyping.