{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: The second messenger c-di-AMP mediates bacterial exopolysaccharide biosynthesis: a review.
{Author}: Xiong ZQ;Fan YZ;Song X;Liu XX;Xia YJ;Ai LZ;
{Journal}: Mol Biol Rep
{Volume}: 47
{Issue}: 11
{Year}: Nov 2020
{Factor}: 2.742
{DOI}: 10.1007/s11033-020-05930-5
{Abstract}: Cyclic dimeric adenosine 3'-5'-monophosphate (c-di-AMP) is a recently discovered nucleotide messenger in bacteria. It plays an important role in signaling, transcription, and cell physiology, such as in bacterial growth, potassium transport, fatty acid synthesis, the metabolic balance of cell wall components, and biofilm formation. Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) have distinct physico-chemical properties and diverse bioactivities including antibacterial, hypolipidemic, and antioxidative activities, and they are widely used in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. Although c-di-AMP has been demonstrated to regulate the biosynthesis of bacterial EPSs, only a single c-di-AMP receptor, CabpA, has been identified in EPS synthesis. With the aim of describing current understanding of the regulation of microbial EPSs, this review summarizes c-di-AMP biosynthesis and degradation as well as the mechanism through which c-di-AMP regulates bacterial EPSs.