{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: Discovery of Bioactive Indole-Diketopiperazines from the Marine-Derived Fungus Penicillium brasilianum Aided by Genomic Information.
{Author}: Zhang YH;Geng C;Zhang XW;Zhu HJ;Shao CL;Cao F;Wang CY;
{Journal}: Mar Drugs
{Volume}: 17
{Issue}: 9
{Year}: Sep 2019 1
{Factor}: 6.085
{DOI}: 10.3390/md17090514
{Abstract}: Identification and analysis of the whole genome of the marine-derived fungus Penicillium brasilianum HBU-136 revealed the presence of an interesting biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) for non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPS), highly homologous to the BGCs of indole-diketopiperazine derivatives. With the aid of genomic analysis, eight indole-diketopiperazines (1-8), including three new compounds, spirotryprostatin G (1), and cyclotryprostatins F and G (2 and 3), were obtained by large-scale cultivation of the fungal strain HBU-136 using rice medium with 1.0% MgCl2. The absolute configurations of 1-3 were determined by comparison of their experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) with calculated ECD spectra. Selective cytotoxicities were observed for compounds 1 and 4 against HL-60 cell line with the IC50 values of 6.0 and 7.9 μM, respectively, whereas 2, 3, and 5 against MCF-7 cell line with the IC50 values of 7.6, 10.8, and 5.1 μM, respectively.