{Reference Type}: Case Reports
{Title}: Development of malignant lymphoma after metal-on-metal hip replacement: a case report and review of the literature.
{Author}: McCarthy CL;Uchihara Y;Vlychou M;Grammatopoulos G;Athanasou NA;
{Journal}: Skeletal Radiol
{Volume}: 46
{Issue}: 6
{Year}: Jun 2017
{Factor}: 2.128
{DOI}: 10.1007/s00256-017-2612-y
{Abstract}: A number of previous studies have reported a potential risk of malignancy, particularly hematological malignancy, developing in patients receiving a metal-on-metal (MoM) hip replacement. We report a case of malignant lymphoma that arose in a patient who had an MoM hip arthroplasty complicated by development of a pseudotumour. The tumour was a B cell follicular lymphoma that involved lymph nodes and bone. Metal ions are known to have a genotoxic effect on lymphoid cells. Although epidemiological studies have not established that there is an increased risk of lymphoma associated with MoM implants, only a relatively short time period has elapsed since re-introduction of this type of implant and long-term follow-up of patients with MoM implants is indicated.