{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: Vitamin D and pancreatic cancer: a pooled analysis from the Pancreatic Cancer Case-Control Consortium.
{Author}: Waterhouse M;Risch HA;Bosetti C;Anderson KE;Petersen GM;Bamlet WR;Cotterchio M;Cleary SP;Ibiebele TI;La Vecchia C;Skinner HG;Strayer L;Bracci PM;Maisonneuve P;Bueno-de-Mesquita HB;Zaton Ski W;Lu L;Yu H;Janik-Koncewicz K;Polesel J;Serraino D;Neale RE; ;
{Journal}: Ann Oncol
{Volume}: 26
{Issue}: 8
{Year}: Aug 2015
{Factor}: 51.769
{DOI}: 10.1093/annonc/mdv236
{Abstract}: <B>BACKGROUND: </B>The potential role of vitamin D in the aetiology of pancreatic cancer is unclear, with recent studies suggesting both positive and negative associations.<BR><B>METHODS: </B>We used data from nine case-control studies from the International Pancreatic Cancer Case-Control Consortium (PanC4) to examine associations between pancreatic cancer risk and dietary vitamin D intake. Study-specific odds ratios (ORs) were estimated using multivariable logistic regression, and ORs were then pooled using a random-effects model. From a subset of four studies, we also calculated pooled estimates of association for supplementary and total vitamin D intake.<BR><B>RESULTS: </B>Risk of pancreatic cancer increased with dietary intake of vitamin D [per 100 international units (IU)/day: OR = 1.13, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07-1.19, P = 7.4 × 10(-6), P-heterogeneity = 0.52; ≥230 versus <110 IU/day: OR = 1.31, 95% CI 1.10-1.55, P = 2.4 × 10(-3), P-heterogeneity = 0.81], with the association possibly stronger in people with low retinol/vitamin A intake.<BR><B>CONCLUSIONS: </B>Increased risk of pancreatic cancer was observed with higher levels of dietary vitamin D intake. Additional studies are required to determine whether or not our finding has a causal basis.