{Reference Type}: Clinical Trial, Phase I
{Title}: Pharmacokinetic results of a phase I trial of sorafenib in combination with dacarbazine in patients with advanced solid tumors.
{Author}: Brendel E;Ludwig M;Lathia C;Robert C;Ropert S;Soria JC;Armand JP;
{Journal}: Cancer Chemother Pharmacol
{Volume}: 68
{Issue}: 1
{Year}: Jul 2011
{Factor}: 3.288
{DOI}: 10.1007/s00280-010-1423-9
{Abstract}: <B>OBJECTIVE: </B>Sorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor of Raf and several growth factor receptors, is under investigation in combination with dacarbazine, a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of many cancers. The current phase I study investigates the effects of sorafenib on the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of dacarbazine and its metabolite 5-amino-imidazole-4-carboxamide (AIC). (AIC is formed in amounts equimolar to the active alkylating moiety, methane diazohydroxide, which is undetectable by known validated assays.)<BR><B>METHODS: </B>Patients with advanced solid tumors received intravenous dacarbazine 1,000 mg/m(2) on day 1 of a 21-day cycle to evaluate the PK of dacarbazine alone. Sorafenib 400 mg was administered twice daily continuously starting at day 2 of cycle 1. The PK of dacarbazine in the presence of sorafenib was assessed on day 1 of cycle 2. Sorafenib PK was also assessed at steady state.<BR><B>RESULTS: </B>PK data were available for 15 of 23 patients. With concomitant administration of sorafenib, the mean AUC and C (max) values of dacarbazine were reduced by 23 and 16%, respectively. Mean AUC and C (max) values of AIC were increased by 41 and 45%, respectively, with individual increases of up to 106 and 136%, respectively. The apparent terminal half-lives of the two compounds were not significantly influenced by sorafenib. Based on coefficients of variation, the AUC and C (max) values for sorafenib and its three metabolites were highly variable with dacarbazine coadministration.<BR><B>CONCLUSIONS: </B>Concomitant administration of sorafenib and dacarbazine as described above may result in decreased dacarbazine exposure but increased AIC exposure.