%0 Journal Article
%T Drug Prices After Patent Expirations in High-Income Countries and Implications for Cost-Effectiveness Analyses.
%A Serra-Burriel M
%A Martin-Bassols N
%A Perényi G
%A Vokinger KN
%J JAMA Health Forum
%V 5
%N 8
%D 2024 Aug 2
%M 39150730
暂无%R 10.1001/jamahealthforum.2024.2530
%X <B>UNASSIGNED: </B>Understanding how patent expirations affect drug prices is crucial because price changes directly inform accurate cost-effectiveness assessments. This study investigates the association between patent expirations and drug prices in 8 high-income countries and evaluates how the changes affect cost-effectiveness assessments.<BR><B>UNASSIGNED: </B>To analyze how the expiration of drug patents is associated with drug price changes and to assess the implications of these price changes for cost-effectiveness evaluations.<BR><B>UNASSIGNED: </B>This cohort study performed an event study design using data from 8 high-income countries to assess the association between patent expiration and drug prices, and created a simulation model to understand the implications for cost-effectiveness analyses. The simulation cost-effectiveness model analyzed the implications of including or ignoring postpatent price dynamics.<BR><B>UNASSIGNED: </B>Drug patent expiration.<BR><B>UNASSIGNED: </B>Change in drug prices and differences in incremental cost-effectiveness ratios when considering vs ignoring postpatent price dynamics.<BR><B>UNASSIGNED: </B>The sample comprised 505 drugs undergoing patent expiration in Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Japan, Switzerland, UK, and US. Price decreases were statistically significant over the 8 years after patent expiration, with the fastest price declines observed in the US: 32% (95% CI, 24%-39%) in year 1 after patent expiration and 82% (95% CI, 71%-89%) in the 8 years after patent expiration. Estimates for other nations ranged from a decrease of 64% in Australia to 18% in Switzerland in the 8 years after expiration. The cost-effectiveness simulation model indicated that not accounting for generic entry into the market may produce biased incremental cost-effectiveness ratios of 40% to -40%, depending on the scenario.<BR><B>UNASSIGNED: </B>The findings of this cohort study demonstrate that drug prices were reduced substantially after patent expirations in high-income countries. Therefore, incorporating information on patent status and pricing dynamics in cost-effectiveness assessment analyses is necessary for producing accurate economic evaluations of new drugs.