%0 Journal Article
%T Adaptive robustness through incoherent signaling mechanisms in a regenerative brain.
%A Bray SR
%A Wyss LS
%A Chai C
%A Lozada ME
%A Wang B
%J Cell Rep
%V 43
%N 8
%D 2024 Aug 27
%M 39133614
暂无%R 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114580
%X Animal behavior emerges from collective dynamics of neurons, making it vulnerable to damage. Paradoxically, many organisms exhibit a remarkable ability to maintain significant behavior even after large-scale neural injury. Molecular underpinnings of this extreme robustness remain largely unknown. Here, we develop a quantitative pipeline to measure long-lasting latent states in planarian flatworm behaviors during whole-brain regeneration. By combining >20,000 animal trials with neural network modeling, we show that long-range volumetric peptidergic signals allow the planarian to rapidly restore coarse behavior output after large perturbations to the nervous system, while slow restoration of small-molecule neuromodulator functions refines precision. This relies on the different time and length scales of neuropeptide and small-molecule transmission to generate incoherent patterns of neural activity that competitively regulate behavior. Controlling behavior through opposing communication mechanisms creates a more robust system than either alone and may serve as a generalizable approach for constructing robust neural networks.