%0 Journal Article
%T Three-Year Analysis of Adjuvant Therapy in Postoperative Melanoma including Acral and Mucosal Subtypes.
%A Muto Y
%A Kambayashi Y
%A Kato H
%A Mizuhashi S
%A Ito T
%A Maekawa T
%A Ishizuki S
%A Uchi H
%A Matsushita S
%A Yamamoto Y
%A Yoshino K
%A Fujisawa Y
%A Amagai R
%A Ohuchi K
%A Hashimoto A
%A Fukushima S
%A Asano Y
%A Fujimura T
%J Cancers (Basel)
%V 16
%N 15
%D 2024 Aug 2
%M 39123482
%F 6.575
%R 10.3390/cancers16152755
%X BACKGROUND: Adjuvant therapy has improved the clinical prognosis for postoperative melanoma patients. However, the long-term efficacy of this therapy on the melanoma acral and mucosal subtypes has not been fully evaluated in previous trials. This study assessed the 3-year recurrence-free survival and overall survival of patients with melanoma, including the acral and mucosal subtypes, treated with anti-PD-1 antibody (Ab) or with the combination of the BRAF and MEK inhibitors dabrafenib and trametinib.
METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed both the 3-year time to relapse (TTR) and overall survival (OS) of 120 patients treated with anti-PD-1 antibody (Ab), or with the combination of dabrafenib and trametinib.
RESULTS: The overall median TTR was 18.4 months, with a range of 0.69 to 36 months. The 3-year TTR of the acral and mucosal types was 28.1% and 38.5%, respectively. Baseline tumor thickness (TT) and acral type were associated with the TTR in subgroup analysis. Moreover, we classified 104 acral and non-acral cutaneous patients into the anti-PD-1 Abs or dabrafenib plus trametinib combined therapies cohort in multiple analyses. The acral subtype and TT were detected as important prognostic factors. In the 3-year OS, only tumor ulceration was associated with the OS in both univariate and multiple analyses. There was no significant difference in baseline or treatment-related factors of the mucosal type (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that adjuvant therapy is more effective with non-acral cutaneous melanoma than either the acral or mucosal types at the 3-year TTR endpoint.