%0 Journal Article
%T Pharmacologic, Surgical, and Device-Based Cardiac Neuromodulation.
%A Kuwabara Y
%A Wong B
%A Mahajan A
%A Salavatian S
%J Card Electrophysiol Clin
%V 16
%N 3
%D 2024 Sep
%M 39084724
暂无%R 10.1016/j.ccep.2023.12.002
%X The cardiac autonomic nervous system plays a key role in maintaining normal cardiac physiology, and once disrupted, it worsens the cardiac disease states. Neuromodulation therapies have been emerging as new treatment options, and various techniques have been introduced to mitigate autonomic nervous imbalances to help cardiac patients with their disease conditions and symptoms. In this review article, we discuss various neuromodulation techniques used in clinical settings to treat cardiac diseases.