%0 Case Reports
%T Pneumocystis Pneumonia Presenting With Peripheral Predominant Consolidation and Traction Bronchiectasis.
%A Fujishima N
%A Hioki Y
%A Yokoyama A
%A Hiramatsu K
%A Komiya K
%J Cureus
%V 16
%N 6
%D 2024 Jun
%M 39070459
暂无%R 10.7759/cureus.63257
%X Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) typically presents as a predominant ground-glass opacity (GGO) in the upper lobes. We report a case of a patient with PCP that mimicked organizing pneumonia or nonspecific interstitial pneumonia, showing peripheral predominant consolidation with traction bronchiectasis and peribronchovascular thickening in the lower lobes on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT). Pneumocystis jirovecii was detected in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), and no other pathogens were isolated. After confirmation of a high plasma human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-RNA titer and a low CD4+ cell count, the patient was diagnosed with PCP associated with HIV infection. The peripheral predominant consolidation was successfully resolved after treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. To the best of our knowledge, no previous case of PCP presenting with peripheral predominant consolidation, traction bronchiectasis, or peribronchovascular thickening has been reported. Physicians should consider PCP as a differential diagnosis even in cases suspected as organizing pneumonia or nonspecific interstitial pneumonia on HRCT.