%0 Journal Article
%T Urinary paraben exposure increases the risk of a low estimated glomerular filtration rate in Taiwanese general population.
%A Huang PC
%A Huang YH
%A Chen HC
%A Lin YJ
%A Chang WT
%A Chang JW
%J Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
%V 283
%N 0
%D 2024 Sep 15
%M 39059343
%F 7.129
%R 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116775
%X <B>BACKGROUND: </B>The inconsistent relationship between chemical exposure and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) has been examined in only a few studies. We investigated the association between paraben exposure and indicators of renal function in a total of 361 individuals recruiting from a representative study.<BR><B>METHODS: </B>The levels of urinary parabens, including methylparaben (MeP), ethylparaben (EtP), propylparaben (PrP), and butylparaben (BuP), were measured using UPLC-MS/MS. The association between paraben exposure and indices of renal function was assessed using multiple logistic regression and Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR).<BR><B>RESULTS: </B>The median levels of urinary parabens in the adult group were significantly higher than those in the minor group, that is, 397 vs. 148 ng/mL for MeP, 38.8 vs. 13.6 ng/mL for EtP, 117 vs. 57.7 ng/mL for PrP, and 6.61 vs. 2.79 ng/mL for BuP (all P < 0.001). In the adult group, multivariate regression models confirmed a positive association between the albumin-to-creatinine ratio and urinary MeP (β = 0.580) and a positive association of BUN (β = 0.061) and a negative association of eGFR (β = -0.051) with urinary EtP (all P < 0.001). In the adult group, compared with the lowest tertile group, the adjusted odds ratio in the third tertile (T3) of urinary EtP levels indicated a 3.08 times increased risk of eGFR abnormalities, followed by the second tertile (T2) with a 2.63 times increased risk. The generalized additive model (GAM) and BKMR models showed a non-linear correlation between urinary EtP levels and early CKD, as well as reduced eGFR. We observed a significant positive cumulative effect of urinary paraben on eGFR, and a significant positive single exposure effect of urinary EtP with eGFR abnormality.<BR><B>CONCLUSIONS: </B>We found a significant association between exposure to EtP and an increased risk of high BUN levels and decreased eGFR.