%0 Journal Article
%T Development and validation of the Global Adolescent and Child Physical Activity Questionnaire (GAC-PAQ) in 14 countries: study protocol.
%A Larouche R
%A Rostami Haji Abadi M
%A Aubert S
%A Bhawra J
%A Brazo-Sayavera J
%A Carson V
%A Colley RC
%A Nyström CD
%A Esliger DW
%A Harper-Brown R
%A Gonzalez Cifuentes SA
%A Jáuregui A
%A Katewongsa P
%A Khadilkar A
%A Kira G
%A Kuzik N
%A Liu Y
%A Lof M
%A Loney T
%A Manyanga T
%A Mwase-Vuma TW
%A Oyeyemi AL
%A Reilly JJ
%A Richards J
%A Roberts K
%A Sarmiento OL
%A Silva DAS
%A Smith M
%A Subedi N
%A Vanderloo LM
%A Widyastari DA
%A Wilson OWA
%A Wong SH
%A Tremblay MS
%J BMJ Open
%V 14
%N 7
%D 2024 Jul 24
%M 39053955
%F 3.006
%R 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-082275
%X <B>BACKGROUND: </B>Global surveillance of physical activity (PA) of children and adolescents with questionnaires is limited by the use of instruments developed in high-income countries (HICs) lacking sociocultural adaptation, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs); under-representation of some PA domains; and omission of active play, an important source of PA. Addressing these limitations would help improve international comparisons, and facilitate the cross-fertilisation of ideas to promote PA. We aim to develop and assess the reliability and validity of the app-based Global Adolescent and Child Physical Activity Questionnaire (GAC-PAQ) among 8-17 years old in 14 LMICs and HICs representing all continents; and generate the 'first available data' on active play in most participating countries.<BR><B>METHODS: </B>Our study involves eight stages: (1) systematic review of psychometric properties of existing PA questionnaires for children and adolescents; (2) development of the GAC-PAQ (first version); (3) content validity assessment with global experts; (4) cognitive interviews with children/adolescents and parents in all 14 countries; (5) development of a revised GAC-PAQ; (6) development and adaptation of the questionnaire app (application); (7) pilot-test of the app-based GAC-PAQ; and, (8) main study with a stratified, sex-balanced and urban/rural-balanced sample of 500 children/adolescents and one of their parents/guardians per country. Participants will complete the GAC-PAQ twice to assess 1-week test-retest reliability and wear an ActiGraph wGT3X-BT accelerometer for 9 days to test concurrent validity. To assess convergent validity, subsamples (50 adolescents/country) will simultaneously complete the PA module from existing international surveys.<BR><B>BACKGROUND: </B>Approvals from research ethics boards and relevant organisations will be obtained in all participating countries. We anticipate that the GAC-PAQ will facilitate global surveillance of PA in children/adolescents. Our project includes a robust knowledge translation strategy sensitive to social determinants of health to inform inclusive surveillance and PA interventions globally.