%0 Journal Article
%T The effect of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection on systemic immune responses in individuals with tuberculosis.
%A Xavier MS
%A Araujo-Pereira M
%A de Oliveira QM
%A Sant'Anna FM
%A Ridolfi FM
%A de Andrade AMS
%A Figueiredo MC
%A Sterling TR
%A Gordhan BG
%A Kana BD
%A Andrade BB
%A Rolla VC
%A Gomes-Silva A
%J Front Immunol
%V 15
%N 0
%D 2024
%M 38994357
%F 8.786
%R 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1357360
%X <B>UNASSIGNED: </B>The impact of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection on the systemic immune response during tuberculosis (TB) disease has not been explored.<BR><B>UNASSIGNED: </B>An observational, cross-sectional cohort was established to evaluate the systemic immune response in persons with pulmonary tuberculosis with or without previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. Those participants were recruited in an outpatient referral clinic in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. TB was defined as a positive Xpert-MTB/RIF Ultra and/or a positive culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from sputum. Stored plasma was used to perform specific serology to identify previous SARS-CoV-2 infection (TB/Prex-SCoV-2 group) and confirm the non- infection of the tuberculosis group (TB group). Plasmatic cytokine/chemokine/growth factor profiling was performed using Luminex technology. Tuberculosis severity was assessed by clinical and laboratory parameters. Participants from TB group (4.55%) and TB/Prex-SCoV-2 (0.00%) received the complete COVID-19 vaccination.<BR><B>UNASSIGNED: </B>Among 35 participants with pulmonary TB, 22 were classified as TB/Prex-SCoV-2. The parameters associated with TB severity, together with hematologic and biochemical data were similar between the TB and TB/Prex-SCoV-2 groups. Among the signs and symptoms, fever and dyspnea were significantly more frequent in the TB group than the TB/Prex-SCoV-2 group (p < 0,05). A signature based on lower amount of plasma EGF, G-CSF, GM-CSF, IFN-α2, IL-12(p70), IL-13, IL-15, IL-17, IL-1β, IL-5, IL-7, and TNF-β was observed in the TB/Prex-SCoV-2 group. In contrast, MIP-1β was significantly higher in the TB/Prex-SCoV-2 group than the TB group.<BR><B>UNASSIGNED: </B>TB patients previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 had an immunomodulation that was associated with lower plasma concentrations of soluble factors associated with systemic inflammation. This signature was associated with a lower frequency of symptoms such as fever and dyspnea but did not reflect significant differences in TB severity parameters observed at baseline.