%0 Journal Article
%T Enhanced biodegradation of 2, 4-dichlorophenol in packed bed biofilm reactor by impregnation of polyurethane foam with Fe3O4 nanoparticles: Bio-kinetics, process optimization, performance evaluation and toxicity assessment.
%A Kumar Jaiswal V
%A Dutta Gupta A
%A Sonwani RK
%A Shekher Giri B
%A Sharan Singh R
%J Bioresour Technol
%V 406
%N 0
%D 2024 Aug 6
%M 38977038
%F 11.889
%R 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131085
%X In this work, an effort has been made to enhance the efficacy of biological process for the effective degradation of 2, 4-dichlorophenol (2, 4-DCP) from wastewater. The polyurethane foam was modified with Fe3O4 nanoparticles and combined with polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate, and bacterial consortium for biodegradation of 2, 4-DCP in a packed bed biofilm reactor. The maximum removal efficiency of 2, 4-DCP chemical oxygen demand, and total organic carbon were found to be 92.51 ± 0.83 %, 86.85 ± 1.32, and 91.78 ± 1.24 %, respectively, in 4 days and 100 mg L-1 of 2, 4-DCP concentration at an influent loading rate of 2 mg L-1h-1 and hydraulic retention time of 50 h. Packed bed biofilm reactor was effective for up to four cycles to remove 2, 4-DCP. Growth inhibition kinetics were evaluated using the Edward model, yielding maximum growth rate of 0.45 day-1, inhibition constant of 110.6 mg L-1, and saturation constant of 62.3 mg L-1.