%0 Journal Article
%T Cytokine release syndrome after treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors: an observational cohort study of 2672 patients from Karolinska University Hospital in Sweden.
%A Hamida O
%A Karlsson F
%A Lundqvist A
%A Gerling M
%A Liu LL
%J Oncoimmunology
%V 13
%N 1
%D 2024
%M 38974986
暂无%R 10.1080/2162402X.2024.2372875
%X Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are linked to diverse immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Rare irAEs surface first in clinical practice. Here, we systematically studied the rare irAE, cytokine-release syndrome (CRS), in a cohort of 2672 patients treated with ICIs at Karolinska University Hospital in Stockholm, Sweden. We find that the risk of ICI-induced CRS - defined as fever, negative microbiological findings and absence of other probable causes within 30 days after ICI treatment - is approximately 1%, higher than previously reported. ICI-induced CRS was often mild and rechallenge with ICIs after mild CRS was generally safe. However, two out of 28 patients experienced high-grade CRS, and one was fatal. While C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin were not discriminative of fatal CRS, our data suggest that the quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA) score might identify high-risk patients. These data provide a framework for CRS risk assessment and motivate multicenter studies to improve early CRS diagnosis.