%0 Journal Article
%T Research progress in female pelvic floor rehabilitation aids.
%A Xu Y
%A Yan W
%A Li X
%J Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban
%V 49
%N 3
%D 2024 Mar 28
%M 38970523
暂无%R 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2024.230532
%X Pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) is a common clinical problem that can lead to bladder and bowel dysfunction such as urinary incontinence, urinary retention, fecal incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse, and sexual dysfunction. Pelvic floor rehabilitation aids are essential tools in the treatment of PFD. However, there is limited understanding of the efficacy and mechanisms of these aids, and there is a lack of standardized guidelines for selecting appropriate aids for different types of PFD. To assist patients in choosing suitable pelvic floor rehabilitation aids to their needs, it is necessary to summarize the existing types, mechanisms, and applications of these aids. Based on their mechanisms and target functions, pelvic floor rehabilitation aids can be mainly categorized into 3 main types. The first type includes aids that improve pelvic floor function, such as vaginal dumbbells, vaginal tampons, and vaginal dilators, which aim to strengthen pelvic floor muscles and enhance the contractility of the urethral, vaginal, and anal sphincters, thereby improving incontinence symptoms. The second type consists of aids that mechanically block the outlet, such as pessaries, urethral plugs, incontinence pads, incontinence pants, anal plugs, and vaginal bowel control systems, which directly or indirectly prevent incontinence leakage. The third type includes aids that assist in outlet drainage, such as catheters and anal excreta collection devices, which help patients effectively expel urine, feces, and other waste materials, preventing incontinence leakage. By summarizing the existing pelvic floor rehabilitation aids, personalized guidance can be provided to patients with PFD, helping them select the appropriate aids for their rehabilitation needs.<BR>盆底功能障碍是一种常见的临床问题，可引起膀胱和肠道功能障碍(如尿失禁、尿潴留、粪失禁等)、盆腔器官脱垂、性功能障碍等症状。盆底康复辅助器具是盆底功能障碍治疗中的重要工具。然而，目前对于盆底功能障碍辅助器具疗效和作用机制的了解尚有限，且针对不同类型的盆底功能障碍如何选用合适的辅助器具缺乏规范性。为帮助盆底功能障碍患者个性化地选择适合的盆底康复辅助器具，有必要对现有辅助器具的种类、作用机制和应用情况进行总结。根据盆底康复辅助器具的作用机制和目标功能，可以将其主要分为3类：第1类是改善盆底功能的辅助器具，如阴道哑铃、阴道卫生棉条和阴道扩张器，旨在增强盆底肌肉力量，改善尿道括约肌、阴道括约肌和肛门括约肌的收缩能力，从而改善失禁症状；第2类是阻塞机械出口的辅助器具，如子宫托、尿道栓、失禁垫、失禁裤、肛门塞和阴道肠道控制系统，直接或间接防止失禁渗漏；第3类是出口引流的辅助器具，如导尿管和肛门排泄物收集装置，协助患者有效导出尿液、粪便等废物，预防失禁渗漏。通过对现有盆底康复辅助器具的总结，可以为盆底功能障碍患者提供个性化的指导，并帮助其选择适合的盆底康复辅助器具。.