%0 Journal Article
%T Static and Dynamic Hand Gestures: A Review of Techniques of Virtual Reality Manipulation.
%A Herbert OM
%A Pérez-Granados D
%A Ruiz MAO
%A Cadena Martínez R
%A Gutiérrez CAG
%A Antuñano MAZ
%J Sensors (Basel)
%V 24
%N 12
%D 2024 Jun 9
%M 38931542
%F 3.847
%R 10.3390/s24123760
%X This review explores the historical and current significance of gestures as a universal form of communication with a focus on hand gestures in virtual reality applications. It highlights the evolution of gesture detection systems from the 1990s, which used computer algorithms to find patterns in static images, to the present day where advances in sensor technology, artificial intelligence, and computing power have enabled real-time gesture recognition. The paper emphasizes the role of hand gestures in virtual reality (VR), a field that creates immersive digital experiences through the Ma blending of 3D modeling, sound effects, and sensing technology. This review presents state-of-the-art hardware and software techniques used in hand gesture detection, primarily for VR applications. It discusses the challenges in hand gesture detection, classifies gestures as static and dynamic, and grades their detection difficulty. This paper also reviews the haptic devices used in VR and their advantages and challenges. It provides an overview of the process used in hand gesture acquisition, from inputs and pre-processing to pose detection, for both static and dynamic gestures.