%0 Journal Article
%T Neutropenic Sepsis in the Intensive Care Unit: Differences in Clinical Profile and Outcomes According to the Cause of Neutropenia.
%A MacPhail A
%A Dendle C
%A Slavin M
%A Weinkove R
%A Bailey M
%A Pilcher D
%A McQuilten Z
%J Open Forum Infect Dis
%V 11
%N 6
%D 2024 Jun
%M 38868301
%F 4.423
%R 10.1093/ofid/ofae289
%X <B>UNASSIGNED: </B>Neutropenic sepsis frequently requires admission to an intensive care unit (ICU). Differences between subgroups of patients with neutropenic sepsis are not well characterized.<BR><B>UNASSIGNED: </B>To investigate clinical outcomes among patients with neutropenic sepsis and hematological malignancy, metastatic solid cancer, or no cancer diagnosis.<BR><B>UNASSIGNED: </B>Retrospective cohort study of all patients admitted to ICU in Australia or New Zealand between January 2000 and December 2022 with a primary admission diagnosis of sepsis and total white cell count <1.0 × 109 cells/L.<BR><B>UNASSIGNED: </B>We identified 8617 ICU admissions with neutropenic sepsis (hematological malignancy n = 4660; metastatic solid cancer n = 1034; no cancer n = 2800). Patients with hematological malignancy were younger (median, 61.5 years) with low rates of chronic comorbidities (4.7%) and were usually admitted to ICU from the ward (67.4%). Mechanical ventilation rates were 20.2% and in-hospital mortality was 30.6%. Patients with metastatic solid cancers were older (median, 66.3 years), with higher rates of chronic comorbidities (9.9%), and were usually admitted to the ICU from the emergency department (50.8%). Mechanical ventilation rates were 16.9% and in-hospital mortality was 42.4%. Patients with no documented cancer had highest rates of mechanical ventilation (41.7%) and mortality (46.3%). Neutropenia was independently associated with mortality among patients with solid cancers or no cancer but did not confer increased risk among patients with hematological malignancy (odds ratio, 0.98; 95% confidence interval, .90-1.06; P = .60).<BR><B>UNASSIGNED: </B>Patients with neutropenic sepsis and hematological malignancy, metastatic solid cancer, or no cancer diagnosis constitute 3 distinct clinical groups. Management approaches should be tailored accordingly.