%0 Journal Article
%T The Association of Cardiometabolic, Diet and Lifestyle Parameters With Plasma Glucagon-like Peptide-1: An IMI DIRECT Study.
%A Eriksen R
%A White MC
%A Dawed AY
%A Perez IG
%A Posma JM
%A Haid M
%A Sharma S
%A Prehn C
%A Thomas EL
%A Koivula RW
%A Bizzotto R
%A Mari A
%A Giordano GN
%A Pavo I
%A Schwenk JM
%A De Masi F
%A Tsirigos KD
%A Brunak S
%A Viñuela A
%A Mahajan A
%A McDonald TJ
%A Kokkola T
%A Rutters F
%A Beulens J
%A Muilwijk M
%A Blom M
%A Elders P
%A Hansen TH
%A Fernandez-Tajes J
%A Jones A
%A Jennison C
%A Walker M
%A McCarthy MI
%A Pedersen O
%A Ruetten H
%A Forgie I
%A Holst JJ
%A Thomsen HS
%A Ridderstråle M
%A Bell JD
%A Adamski J
%A Franks PW
%A Hansen T
%A Holmes E
%A Frost G
%A Pearson ER
%J J Clin Endocrinol Metab
%V 109
%N 9
%D 2024 Aug 13
%M 38686701
%F 6.134
%R 10.1210/clinem/dgae119
%X <B>BACKGROUND: </B>The role of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity is not fully understood.<BR><B>OBJECTIVE: </B>We investigate the association of cardiometabolic, diet, and lifestyle parameters on fasting and postprandial GLP-1 in people at risk of, or living with, T2D.<BR><B>METHODS: </B>We analyzed cross-sectional data from the two Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI) Diabetes Research on Patient Stratification (DIRECT) cohorts, cohort 1 (n = 2127) individuals at risk of diabetes; cohort 2 (n = 789) individuals with new-onset T2D.<BR><B>RESULTS: </B>Our multiple regression analysis reveals that fasting total GLP-1 is associated with an insulin-resistant phenotype and observe a strong independent relationship with male sex, increased adiposity, and liver fat, particularly in the prediabetes population. In contrast, we showed that incremental GLP-1 decreases with worsening glycemia, higher adiposity, liver fat, male sex, and reduced insulin sensitivity in the prediabetes cohort. Higher fasting total GLP-1 was associated with a low intake of wholegrain, fruit, and vegetables in people with prediabetes, and with a high intake of red meat and alcohol in people with diabetes.<BR><B>CONCLUSIONS: </B>These studies provide novel insights into the association between fasting and incremental GLP-1, metabolic traits of diabetes and obesity, and dietary intake, and raise intriguing questions regarding the relevance of fasting GLP-1 in the pathophysiology T2D.