%0 Journal Article
%T Influenza and COVID-19 co-infection and vaccine effectiveness against severe cases: a mathematical modeling study.
%A Liang J
%A Wang Y
%A Lin Z
%A He W
%A Sun J
%A Li Q
%A Zhang M
%A Chang Z
%A Guo Y
%A Zeng W
%A Liu T
%A Zeng Z
%A Yang Z
%A Hon C
%J Front Cell Infect Microbiol
%V 14
%N 0
%D 2024
%M 38500506
%F 6.073
%R 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1347710
%X <B>UNASSIGNED: </B>Influenza A virus have a distinctive ability to exacerbate SARS-CoV-2 infection proven by in vitro studies. Furthermore, clinical evidence suggests that co-infection with COVID-19 and influenza not only increases mortality but also prolongs the hospitalization of patients. COVID-19 is in a small-scale recurrent epidemic, increasing the likelihood of co-epidemic with seasonal influenza. The impact of co-infection with influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2 on the population remains unstudied.<BR><B>UNASSIGNED: </B>Here, we developed an age-specific compartmental model to simulate the co-circulation of COVID-19 and influenza and estimate the number of co-infected patients under different scenarios of prevalent virus type and vaccine coverage. To decrease the risk of the population developing severity, we investigated the minimum coverage required for the COVID-19 vaccine in conjunction with the influenza vaccine, particularly during co-epidemic seasons.<BR><B>UNASSIGNED: </B>Compared to the single epidemic, the transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 exhibits a lower trend and a delayed peak when co-epidemic with influenza. Number of co-infection cases is higher when SARS-CoV-2 co-epidemic with Influenza A virus than that with Influenza B virus. The number of co-infected cases increases as SARS-CoV-2 becomes more transmissible. As the proportion of individuals vaccinated with the COVID-19 vaccine and influenza vaccines increases, the peak number of co-infected severe illnesses and the number of severe illness cases decreases and the peak time is delayed, especially for those >60 years old.<BR><B>UNASSIGNED: </B>To minimize the number of severe illnesses arising from co-infection of influenza and COVID-19, in conjunction vaccinations in the population are important, especially priority for the elderly.