%0 Journal Article
%T No vaccine interference between bovine coronavirus and bovine herpesvirus-1 in a randomized trial when coadministrating two intranasal modified-live viral vaccines to neonatal calves.
%A Bolton MW
%A Nordstrom S
%A Hill K
%A Midla L
%A Rajamanikam K
%A Griebel PJ
%J Am J Vet Res
%V 85
%N 5
%D 2024 May 1
%M 38457927
%F 1.055
%R 10.2460/ajvr.23.12.0281
%X <B>OBJECTIVE: </B>Compare immune responses induced by 2 commercial intranasal (IN) modified-live viral (MLV) vaccines given individually or coadministered and evaluate prevention of infection and lung pathology following bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) challenge.<BR><B>METHODS: </B>36 male Holstein calves (ages, 5 to 12 days).<BR><B>METHODS: </B>In a randomized complete block design, each calf received an IN injection of either vaccine diluent (Placebo), an MLV vaccine containing bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1; N3), bovine coronavirus vaccine (BC), or both N3 and BC (BC + N3) with a booster 4 weeks later. Nasal secretions and blood were collected weekly. Three weeks after the booster, the calves were challenged with BHV-1, sampled for virus shedding, and euthanized 10 days later to quantify lung pathology. The study period was September 7, 2020, to April 6, 2021.<BR><B>RESULTS: </B>Calves were seropositive for BHV-1 and BC before vaccination. No significant difference in BC-specific serum immunoglobin G and nasal immunoglobin A antibody responses in the BC versus BC + N3 group or BHV-1-specific serum immunoglobin G and nasal immunoglobin A antibody responses in the N3 versus BC + N3 group. Cytokine responses to BHV-1 and BC did not differ among groups. BHV-1 shedding after challenge was significantly reduced in N3 groups versus Placebo and BC. There was a significant reduction in lung pathology in the N3 + BC group versus Placebo.<BR><B>CONCLUSIONS: </B>This study provides evidence an MLV vaccine containing BHV-1 and an MLV BC vaccine can be coadministered to neonatal calves without significantly altering immune responses to the 2 viruses or compromising the prevention of BHV-1 respiratory disease. Calves receiving the BC + N3 vaccine had a significant reduction in lung pathology after BHV-1 aerosol challenge.