%0 Journal Article
%T Histopathologic clues to the etiopathogenesis of orbital inflammatory disease: Idiopathic, IgG4-related, neoplastic, autoimmune and beyond.
%A Stagner AM
%J Semin Diagn Pathol
%V 41
%N 2
%D 2024 Mar 30
%M 38341348
%F 3.893
%R 10.1053/j.semdp.2024.01.011
%X Orbital inflammatory diseases represent a heterogenous group of idiopathic, autoimmune-related, and sometimes neoplastic conditions with overlapping clinical and histopathologic features, as well as variable levels of IgG4-positive plasma cells detected within tissue biopsies. Some histopathologic features, especially in an appropriate clinical context, may point to a specific diagnosis in a given patient. Diagnoses of non-specific orbital inflammation, orbital inflammation related to autoimmune diseases such as granulomatosis with polyangiitis and IgG4-related disease, lymphoma, and xanthogranulomatous diseases are discussed, contrasted and illustrated.