%0 Case Reports
%T Xanthogranulomatous keratitis in a mixed-breed dog.
%A Bergen A
%A Herrmann J
%A Reilly CM
%J J Am Vet Med Assoc
%V 262
%N 4
%D 2024 Apr 1
%M 38266392
%F 1.836
%R 10.2460/javma.23.10.0548
%X <B>OBJECTIVE: </B>To evaluate the clinical and histopathological features of a case of xanthogranulomatous keratitis in a mixed-breed dog.<BR><B>METHODS: </B>Mixed-breed dog.<BR><B>UNASSIGNED: </B>An 11-year-old spayed female mixed-breed dog was presented for mild blepharospasm, corneal cloudiness, and increasing conjunctival hyperemia OD. Ophthalmic examination revealed multifocal pink and cream-colored consolidated corneal infiltrative lesions and generalized neovascularization with suspected diagnosis of stromal abscessation. There was no improvement after 1 month of medical management, so a keratectomy was performed, and corneal tissue was sent for histopathological evaluation.<BR><B>RESULTS: </B>The nonulcerative keratitis was refractive to medical management including topical and systemic antibiotics, topical antifungal, and systemic anti-inflammatory, so keratectomy was performed. Histopathologic diagnosis of xanthogranulomatous keratitis was made 1 week postoperatively. The patient was prescribed 0.05% difluprednate ophthalmic emulsion and 0.2% tacrolimus ophthalmic ointment (initially q 8 h, OD). The difluprednate was tapered and discontinued after 2 months, but the tacrolimus was continued (q 12 h, OD). No lesion recurrence had been documented 1 year postoperatively.<BR><B>CONCLUSIONS: </B>There has been little published on canine xanthogranulomas, especially in veterinary ophthalmology. Ocular xanthogranulomas have been reportedly found intraocularly and at the ocular surface. Histologically, they are characterized by well-delineated nodules that contain histiocytes and abundant lipid-laden macrophages. The treatment in this clinical case was surgical excision followed with topical immunosuppression/anti-inflammatory therapy with no recurrence 1 year postoperatively. Xanthogranulomatous keratitis should be an added differential diagnosis when nonulcerative keratitis is found on examination, specifically with consolidated, corneal infiltrate and minimal pain.