%0 Journal Article
%T Acute heart failure: mechanisms and pre-clinical models-a Scientific Statement of the ESC Working Group on Myocardial Function.
%A Ciccarelli M
%A Pires IF
%A Bauersachs J
%A Bertrand L
%A Beauloye C
%A Dawson D
%A Hamdani N
%A Hilfiker-Kleiner D
%A van Laake LW
%A Lezoualc'h F
%A Linke WA
%A Lunde IG
%A Rainer PP
%A Rispoli A
%A Visco V
%A Carrizzo A
%A Ferro MD
%A Stolfo D
%A van der Velden J
%A Zacchigna S
%A Heymans S
%A Thum T
%A Tocchetti CG
%J Cardiovasc Res
%V 119
%N 14
%D 2023 11 15
%M 37967390
%F 13.081
%R 10.1093/cvr/cvad088
%X While chronic heart failure (CHF) treatment has considerably improved patient prognosis and survival, the therapeutic management of acute heart failure (AHF) has remained virtually unchanged in the last decades. This is partly due to the scarcity of pre-clinical models for the pathophysiological assessment and, consequently, the limited knowledge of molecular mechanisms involved in the different AHF phenotypes. This scientific statement outlines the different trajectories from acute to CHF originating from the interaction between aetiology, genetic and environmental factors, and comorbidities. Furthermore, we discuss the potential molecular targets capable of unveiling new therapeutic perspectives to improve the outcome of the acute phase and counteracting the evolution towards CHF.