%0 Journal Article
%T The immune imbalance between follicular regulatory and helper T cells in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein IgG-associated disease.
%A Chang X
%A Jiao K
%A Wang D
%A Zhou Y
%A Zhao Z
%A Xing Y
%A Zhangbao J
%A Lu C
%A Wang J
%A Quan C
%J Clin Immunol
%V 255
%N 0
%D 2023 10 11
%M 37572951
%F 10.19
%R 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109734
%X Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is a newly defined inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Currently, no immuno-modulatory treatment has been approved for MOGAD. We explored the function of follicular regularoty T (Tfr) and follicular helper T (Tfh) cells in patients with MOGAD. The number of circulating Tfr and Tfh cells and their expression of functional markers were accessed by flow cytometry. Circulating Tfr, Tfh, and B cells were further sorted and co-cultured in vitro to examine the influence of Tfr on Tfh-mediated B cell differentiation. In patients with MOGAD, the percentage of circulating PD-1hi Tfh cells elevated while the frequency of circulating activated Tfr cells decreased significantly. The Tfh/Tfr ratios positively correlated with the percentage of plasmblasts. In vitro, Tfh cells from patients with MOGAD exhibited a stronger capacity to promote the differentiation of plasmablasts through producing interleukin (IL)-21 than non-Tfh cells from patients, whereas Tfr cells suppressed this Tfh-mediated plasmablasts expansion, to a similar extent of IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra). In conclusion, we revealed an immune imbalance of Tfr and Tfh cells in MOGAD. Tfr and IL-1Ra could be potential therapeutic targets in MOGAD.