%0 Meta-Analysis
%T ENIGMA CHEK2gether Project: A Comprehensive Study Identifies Functionally Impaired CHEK2 Germline Missense Variants Associated with Increased Breast Cancer Risk.
%A Stolarova L
%A Kleiblova P
%A Zemankova P
%A Stastna B
%A Janatova M
%A Soukupova J
%A Achatz MI
%A Ambrosone C
%A Apostolou P
%A Arun BK
%A Auer P
%A Barnard M
%A Bertelsen B
%A  
%A Blok MJ
%A Boddicker N
%A Brunet J
%A Burnside ES
%A Calvello M
%A Campbell I
%A Chan SH
%A Chen F
%A Chiang JB
%A Coppa A
%A Cortesi L
%A Crujeiras-González A
%A  
%A De Leeneer K
%A De Putter R
%A DePersia A
%A Devereux L
%A Domchek S
%A Efremidis A
%A Engel C
%A Ernst C
%A Evans DGR
%A Feliubadaló L
%A Fostira F
%A Fuentes-Ríos O
%A Gómez-García EB
%A González S
%A Haiman C
%A Hansen TVO
%A Hauke J
%A Hodge J
%A Hu C
%A Huang H
%A Ishak NDB
%A Iwasaki Y
%A Konstantopoulou I
%A Kraft P
%A Lacey J
%A Lázaro C
%A Li N
%A Lim WK
%A Lindstrom S
%A Lori A
%A Martinez E
%A Martins A
%A Matsuda K
%A Matullo G
%A McInerny S
%A Michailidou K
%A Montagna M
%A Monteiro ANA
%A Mori L
%A Nathanson K
%A Neuhausen SL
%A Nevanlinna H
%A Olson JE
%A Palmer J
%A Pasini B
%A Patel A
%A Piane M
%A Poppe B
%A Radice P
%A Renieri A
%A Resta N
%A Richardson ME
%A Rosseel T
%A Ruddy KJ
%A Santamariña M
%A Dos Santos ES
%A Teras L
%A Toland AE
%A Trentham-Dietz A
%A Vachon CM
%A Volk AE
%A Weber-Lassalle N
%A Weitzel JN
%A Wiesmuller L
%A Winham S
%A Yadav S
%A Yannoukakos D
%A Yao S
%A Zampiga V
%A Zethoven M
%A Zhang ZW
%A Zima T
%A Spurdle AB
%A Vega A
%A Rossing M
%A Del Valle J
%A De Nicolo A
%A Hahnen E
%A Claes KBM
%A Ngeow J
%A Momozawa Y
%A James PA
%A Couch FJ
%A Macurek L
%A Kleibl Z
%J Clin Cancer Res
%V 29
%N 16
%D 2023 08 15
%M 37449874
%F 13.801
%R 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-23-0212
%X Germline pathogenic variants in CHEK2 confer moderately elevated breast cancer risk (odds ratio, OR ∼ 2.5), qualifying carriers for enhanced breast cancer screening. Besides pathogenic variants, dozens of missense CHEK2 variants of uncertain significance (VUS) have been identified, hampering the clinical utility of germline genetic testing (GGT).<BR>We collected 460 CHEK2 missense VUS identified by the ENIGMA consortium in 15 countries. Their functional characterization was performed using CHEK2-complementation assays quantifying KAP1 phosphorylation and CHK2 autophosphorylation in human RPE1-CHEK2-knockout cells. Concordant results in both functional assays were used to categorize CHEK2 VUS from 12 ENIGMA case-control datasets, including 73,048 female patients with breast cancer and 88,658 ethnicity-matched controls.<BR>A total of 430/460 VUS were successfully analyzed, of which 340 (79.1%) were concordant in both functional assays and categorized as functionally impaired (N = 102), functionally intermediate (N = 12), or functionally wild-type (WT)-like (N = 226). We then examined their association with breast cancer risk in the case-control analysis. The OR and 95% CI (confidence intervals) for carriers of functionally impaired, intermediate, and WT-like variants were 2.83 (95% CI, 2.35-3.41), 1.57 (95% CI, 1.41-1.75), and 1.19 (95% CI, 1.08-1.31), respectively. The meta-analysis of population-specific datasets showed similar results.<BR>We determined the functional consequences for the majority of CHEK2 missense VUS found in patients with breast cancer (3,660/4,436; 82.5%). Carriers of functionally impaired missense variants accounted for 0.5% of patients with breast cancer and were associated with a moderate risk similar to that of truncating CHEK2 variants. In contrast, 2.2% of all patients with breast cancer carried functionally wild-type/intermediate missense variants with no clinically relevant breast cancer risk in heterozygous carriers.