%0 Journal Article
%T A Heterocatalytic Metal-Organic Framework to Stimulate Dispersal and Macrophage Combat with Infectious Biofilms.
%A Wu R
%A Yu T
%A Liu S
%A Shi R
%A Jiang G
%A Ren Y
%A van der Mei HC
%A Busscher HJ
%A Liu J
%J ACS Nano
%V 17
%N 3
%D 02 2023 14
%M 36692081
%F 18.027
%R 10.1021/acsnano.2c09008
%X Eradication of infectious biofilms is becoming increasingly difficult due to the growing number of antibiotic-resistant strains. This necessitates development of nonantibiotic-based, antimicrobial approaches. To this end, we designed a heterocatalytic metal-organic framework composed of zirconium 1,4-dicarboxybenzene (UiO-66) with immobilized Pt nanoparticles (Pt-NP/UiO-66). Pt-NP/UiO-66 enhanced singlet-oxygen generation compared with Pt nanoparticles or UiO-66, particularly in an acidic environment. Singlet-oxygen generation degraded phosphodiester bonds present in eDNA gluing biofilms together and therewith dispersed biofilms. Remaining biofilms possessed a more open structure. Concurrently, Pt-NP/UiO-66 stimulated macrophages to adapt a more M1-like, "fighting" phenotype, moving faster toward their target bacteria and showing increased bacterial killing. As a combined effect of biofilm dispersal and macrophage polarization, a subcutaneous Staphylococcus aureus biofilm in mice was more readily eradicated by Pt-NP/UiO-66 than by Pt nanoparticles or UiO-66. Therewith, heterocatalytic Pt-NP/UiO-66 metal-organic frameworks constitute a nonantibiotic-based strategy to weaken protective matrices and disperse infectious biofilms, while strengthening macrophages in bacterial killing.