%0 Journal Article
%T Association of dementia and patient outcomes among COVID-19 patients: A multi-center retrospective case-control study.
%A Vekaria PH
%A Syed A
%A Anderson J
%A Cornett B
%A Bourbia A
%A Flynn MG
%A Kashyap R
%A Shah AR
%J Front Med (Lausanne)
%V 9
%N 0
%D 2022
%M 36419792
%F 5.058
%R 10.3389/fmed.2022.1050747
%X UNASSIGNED: We conducted a retrospective cohort study on COVID-19 patients with and without dementia by extracting data from the HCA Healthcare Enterprise Data Warehouse between January-September 2020.
UNASSIGNED: To describe the role of patients' baseline characteristics specifically dementia in determining overall health outcomes in COVID-19 patients.
UNASSIGNED: We grouped in-patients who had ICD-10 codes for dementia (DM) with age and gender-matched (1:2) patients without dementia (ND). Our primary outcome variables were in-hospital mortality, length of stay, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission, ICU-free days, mechanical ventilation (MV) use, MV-free days and 90-day re-admission.
UNASSIGNED: Matching provided similar age and sex in DM and ND groups. BMI (median, 25.8 vs. 27.6) and proportion of patients who had smoked (23.3 vs. 31.3%) were lower in DM than in ND patients. The median (IQR) Elixhauser Comorbidity Index was higher in dementia patients 7 (5-10) vs. 5 (3-7, p < 0.01). Higher mortality was observed in DM group (30.8%) vs. ND group (26.4%, p < 0.01) as an unadjusted univariate analysis. The 90-day readmission was not different (32.1 vs. 31.8%, p = 0.8). In logistic regression analysis, the odds of dying were not different between patients in DM and ND groups (OR = 1.0; 95% CI 0.86-1.17), but the odds of ICU admissions were significantly lower for dementia patients (OR = 0.58, 95% CI 0.51-0.66).
UNASSIGNED: Our data showed that COVID-19 patients with dementia did not fare substantially worse, but in fact, fared better when certain metrics were considered.