%0 Journal Article
%T Bufotenines-loaded liposome exerts anti-inflammatory, analgesic effects and reduce gastrointestinal toxicity through altering lipid and bufotenines metabolism.
%A Shen L
%A Lv X
%A Yang X
%A Deng S
%A Liu L
%A Zhou J
%A Zhu Y
%A Ma H
%A Shen L
%A Lv X
%A Yang X
%A Deng S
%A Liu L
%A Zhou J
%A Zhu Y
%A Ma H
%J Biomed Pharmacother
%V 153
%N 0
%D Sep 2022
%M 36076586
%F 7.419
%R 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113492
%X Bufotenines, a natural component from toad venom, showed great potential for development as a novel anti-inflammation and analgesia agent, but the potential toxicity limited its clinic use. In this paper, bufotenines-loaded liposome was prepared and optimized. Then, the therapeutic effects and drug safety of bufotenines-liposome were investigated against inflammation and pain on animal models, with a focus on gastrointestinal toxicity. Bufotenines and its liposome significantly increased paw withdrawal mechanical threshold (PWMT) in Von Frey test and hot paw withdrawal latency (HPWL) in hot-plate test. Moreover, intestinal absorption in vitro and pathological analysis in vivo showed that total bufotenines-loaded liposome significantly reduced the gastrointestinal irritation through reducing exposure of total bufotenines on intestinal tissue. High-sensitivity lipidomics analysis revealed the effect of total bufotenines-loaded liposome were be related to the down-regulation of inflammatory mediators from cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LOX), the up-regulation of cytochrome P450 (CYP450), and other pathways, thus regulating lipid metabolism pathway and ultimately reducing gastrointestinal irritation. This study shows that liposome-loaded bufotenines has anti-inflammatory, analgesic effects and achieves toxicity reduction. These results provide systematic evidences for efficacy and safety of toad venom active ingredients.