%0 Review
%T Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes associated with renal or bladder cancer: case series and PRISMA-IPD systematic review.
%A Villagrán-García M
%A Muñiz-Castrillo S
%A Ciano-Petersen NL
%A Vogrig A
%A Farina A
%A Villard M
%A Psimaras D
%A Alentorn A
%A Gonçalves D
%A Fabien N
%A Rogemond V
%A Joubert B
%A Honnorat J
%J J Neurol
%V 270
%N 1
%D Jan 2023
%M 36050418
%F 6.682
%R 10.1007/s00415-022-11356-9
%X BACKGROUND: The link between paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) and renal cell and bladder cancer (RCC/BC) is rare and uncertain. Our aim was to clinically evaluate, in light of the updated PNS criteria, these uncommon associations.
METHODS: Retrospective nationwide cohort chart review study and systematic review of the literature.
RESULTS: After excluding 5 patients due to the diagnosis of another co-occurrent malignancy, 10/18 patients with RCC and 8/18 patients with BC were identified. A total of 31 cases were previously published, yielding an overall series of 27/49 RCC and 22/49 BC patients. There was a predominance of cerebellar syndromes in both cancers (10/27, 37% for RCC; 9/22, 41% for BC), followed by encephalitis in 9/27 (33%) patients with RCC and encephalomyelitis/sensory neuronopathy in 5/22 (23%) patients with BC. The detection of high-risk Abs was more frequent among BC patients (16/19, 84% vs. 3/13, 23% in RCC, p = 0.0009), Ri antibodies being the most frequent thereof. After applying the updated PNS criteria, patients with BC met highest degrees (possible, probable, and definite) of certainty for PNS diagnosis (20/22, 91% vs. 16/27, 59% in RCC, p = 0.021).
CONCLUSIONS: A second neoplasm should always be ruled out before establishing the diagnosis of PNS in patients with RCC or BC. However, while this association remains dubious for most patients with RCC, a casual role is more probable in patients with BC and high-risk antibodies presenting with cerebellar ataxia, brainstem encephalitis or encephalomyelitis/sensory neuronopathy.