%0 Journal Article
%T Complete Lipooligosaccharide Structure from Pseudoalteromonas nigrifaciens Sq02-Rifr and Study of Its Immunomodulatory Activity.
%A Di Guida R
%A Casillo A
%A Stellavato A
%A Di Meo C
%A Kawai S
%A Kawamoto J
%A Ogawa T
%A Kurihara T
%A Schiraldi C
%A Corsaro MM
%J Mar Drugs
%V 19
%N 11
%D Nov 2021 19
%M 34822517
%F 6.085
%R 10.3390/md19110646
%X Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are surface glycoconjugates embedded in the external leaflet of the outer membrane (OM) of the Gram-negative bacteria. They consist of three regions: lipid A, core oligosaccharide (OS), and O-specific polysaccharide or O-antigen. Lipid A is the glycolipid endotoxin domain that anchors the LPS molecule to the OM, and therefore, its chemical structure is crucial in the maintenance of membrane integrity in the Gram-negative bacteria. In this paper, we reported the characterization of the lipid A and OS structures from Pseudoalteromonas nigrifaciens Sq02-Rifr, which is a psychrotrophic Gram-negative bacterium isolated from the intestine of Seriola quinqueradiata. The immunomodulatory activity of both LPS and lipid A was also examined.