%0 Journal Article
%T [Progress in the treatment of intra-abdominal anaerobic infection].
%A Wang PG
%J Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi
%V 23
%N 11
%D Nov 2020 25
%M 33212549
暂无%R 10.3760/cma.j.cn.441530-20200812-00478
%X Most abdominal infections are mixed infections caused by aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Anaerobic infections are characterized by rancid secretions or abscess formation. Early implementation of source control is the key in the treatment of abdominal anaerobic infections. Damage control should be followed as one of the principles of surgical treatment. As the in vitro isolation and culture of anaerobic bacteria as well as its drug sensitivity test are time-consuming and sometimes inaccurate, the treatment of anaerobic bacteria infection is mostly empirical. Anti-infective therapy should be employed once anaerobic bacteria infection is confirmed. Ertapenem, Mosifloxacin, and Cefoperazone-sulbactam can be used for first-line monotherapy, while combination therapy can use second- or third-generation Cephalosporin, Quinolones plus Nitroimidazoles. Nutritional support and anti-shock treatment should not be neglected when implementing surgical control of infection source and antimicrobial therapy. Considering the increasing drug resistance of anaerobic bacteria, and the higher drug resistance rate in China as compared to western countries, the choice of antibiotics should be made rationally and based on epidemiological characteristics of anaerobic bacteria in different regions.<BR>大多数腹腔感染是由需氧菌和厌氧菌引起的混合感染，厌氧菌感染以产生腐臭味的分泌物或形成脓肿为特点。尽早实行感染源控制是治疗腹腔厌氧菌感染的关键环节，应优先采用对生理损伤小的有效干预措施。对于行手术治疗的患者，需遵循损伤控制原则。由于厌氧菌的体外分离培养和药敏试验耗时长且结果不准确，厌氧菌感染的治疗多为经验性，当明确厌氧菌感染后，应尽早行抗感染治疗，厄他培南、莫西沙星、头孢哌酮舒巴坦可作为一线的单药治疗；联合用药可选择二、三代头孢菌素、喹诺酮类加硝基咪唑类抗厌氧菌药物。在外科手术行感染源的控制和抗生素治疗的同时，营养支持和抗休克的治疗不容忽视。近年来，厌氧菌耐药性明显增加，我国的耐药率要明显高于西方国家，需结合不同地区的厌氧菌流行病学特点，合理选择抗厌氧菌药物。.