%0 Journal Article
%T Exogenous lipoid pneumonia in children: A systematic review.
%A Marangu D
%A Gray D
%A Vanker A
%A Zampoli M
%J Paediatr Respir Rev
%V 33
%N 0
%D Feb 2020
%M 30962152
%F 5.526
%R 10.1016/j.prrv.2019.01.001
%X <B>OBJECTIVE: </B>To describe the clinical-radiological-pathological characteristics and treatment outcomes of children with suspected exogenous lipoid pneumonia (ELP).<BR><B>METHODS: </B>Systematic review. We searched electronic databases and reference lists published between 1967 and 2018, restricted to non-accidental cases.<BR><B>RESULTS: </B>Forty-four studies including 489 participants aged 1 day to 17 years from 13 countries were included. Cultural, medical, and behavioural rationale for oil-use was described. The clinical-radiological presentation varied widely. Diagnostic certainty was deemed highest if ELP was confirmed on bronchoalveolar lavage/frozen section lung biopsy with documented extracellular lipid on cytological staining and/or fat analysis. Non-tuberculous mycobacteria infection was identified in six studies: Mycobacterium fortuitum/chelonei, Mycobacterium smegmatis and Mycobacterium abscessus. Treatment comprised supportive therapy, corticosteroids, stopping oil, therapeutic lung-lavage and surgical resection. Outcomes were reported inconsistently.<BR><B>CONCLUSIONS: </B>Paediatric ELP resulting from cultural and medical practices continues to be described globally. Preventive interventions, standardized reporting, and treatment efficacy studies for cases not averted, are lacking. Protocol registration: PROSPERO CRD42017068313.