%0 Journal Article
%T Lectin-Based Assay for Glycoform-Specific Detection of α2,6-sialylated Transferrin and Carcinoembryonic Antigen in Tissue and Body Fluid.
%A Ito H
%A Hoshi K
%A Honda T
%A Hashimoto Y
%J Molecules
%V 23
%N 6
%D May 2018 30
%M 29849005
%F 4.927
%R 10.3390/molecules23061314
%X Antibodies are useful for detecting glycoprotein antigens, but a conventional antibody recognizes only a protein epitope rather than a glycan. Thus, glycan isoform detection generally requires time- and labor-consuming processes such as lectin affinity column chromatography followed by sandwich ELISA. We recently found antigen-antibody reactions that were inhibited by lectin binding to glycans on the glycoprotein antigen, leading to a convenient glycoform-specific assay. Indeed, Sambucus sieboldiana agglutinin (SSA) lectin, a binder to sialylα2,6galactose residue, inhibited antibody binding to α2,6-sialylated transferrin (Tf) (SSA inhibition). SSA inhibition was not observed with other glycoforms, such as periodate-treated, sialidase-treated and sialidase/galactosidase-treated Tf, suggesting that the assay was glycoform-specific. SSA inhibition was also applicable for visualizing localization of α2,6-sialylated-Tf in a liver section. This is the first immunohistochemical demonstration of glycoform localization in a tissue section. SSA inhibition was utilized for establishing ELISA to quantify α2,6-sialylated carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a marker for various cancers. In addition, α2,6-sialylated-CEA was visualized in a colonic adenocarcinoma section by SSA inhibition. The method would further be applicable to a simple and rapid estimation of other α2,6-sialylated glycoproteins and have a potential aid to histopathological diagnosis.