%0 Journal Article
%T Implantation Failure Is Associated With Increased α-Inhibin and β-Glycan Gene Expression in Secretory Phase Endometrium: Nested Case-Control Study of Infertile Women Undergoing IVF/Fresh Embryo Transfer.
%A Silveira CO
%A Rezende CP
%A Ferreira MC
%A Del Puerto HL
%A Reis FM
%J Reprod Sci
%V 24
%N 5
%D 05 2017
%M 27628954
%F 2.924
%R 10.1177/1933719116667490
%X Embryo implantation involves a complex sequence of events, and a large amount of molecules have been postulated to be involved in the interaction of embryo and endometrium. This study evaluated the endometrial expression of α-inhibin and β-glycan in the mid-secretory phase of women scheduled to in vitro fertilization (IVF) and tested whether these markers are associated with implantation failure. We performed a nested case-control study including 52 women submitted to IVF and embryo transfer, divided into 2 groups: cases with implantation failure (n = 33) and controls with confirmed clinical pregnancy (n = 19). Endometrial α-inhibin and β-glycan gene expression was evaluated in the mid-secretory phase of the natural menstrual cycle immediately before IVF, using real-time polymerase chain reaction. We found a higher gene expression of α-inhibin (fold increase = 2.14 ± 0.32, P < .05) and β-glycan (fold increase = 1.44 ± 0.16, P < .05) in implantation failure patients compared to confirmed clinical pregnancy patients. The areas under the receiver operating characteristics curves for prediction of implantation failure in this context were 0.692 and 0.678 for α-inhibin and β-glycan, respectively. The present results suggest that high expression levels of α-inhibin and β-glycan transcripts in secretory phase endometrium are associated with a lower chance of achieving pregnancy with IVF.