%0 Journal Article
%T Retrospective and Prospective Human Intravenous and Oral Pharmacokinetic Projection of Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV Inhibitors Using Simple Allometric Principles - Case Studies of ABT-279, ABT-341, Alogliptin, Carmegliptin, Sitagliptin and Vildagliptin.
%A Gilibili RR
%A Bhamidipati RK
%A Mullangi R
%A Srinivas NR
%J J Pharm Pharm Sci
%V 18
%N 3
%D 2015
%M 26517136
%F 3.337
%R 10.18433/j3tk55
%X <B>OBJECTIVE: </B>The purpose of this exercise was to explore the utility of allometric scaling approach for the prediction of intravenous and oral pharmacokinetics of six dipeptidy peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibitors viz. ABT-279, ABT-341, alogliptin, carmegliptin, sitagliptin and vildagliptin.<BR><B>METHODS: </B>The availability of intravenous and oral pharmacokinetic data in animals enabled the allometry scaling of 6 DPP-IV inhibitors. The relationship between the main pharmacokinetic parameters [viz. volume of distribution (Vd) and clearance (CL)] and body weight was studied across three or four mammalian species, using double logarithmic plots to predict the human pharmacokinetic parameters of CL and Vd using simple allometry.<BR><B>RESULTS: </B>A simply allometry relationship: Y = aWb was found to be adequate for the prediction of intravenous and oral human clearance/volume of distribution for DPP-IV inhibitors. The allometric equations for alogliptin, carmegliptin, sitagliptin, vildagliptin, ABT-279 and ABT-341 were 1.867W0.780, 1.170W0.756, 2.020W0.529, 1.959 W0.847, 0.672 W1.016, 1.077W 0.649, respectively, to predict intravenous clearance (CL) and the corresponding equations to predict intravenous volume of distribution (Vd) were: 3.313W0.987, 6.096W0.992, 7.140W0.805, 2.742W0.941, 1.299W0.695 and 5.370W0.803. With the exception of a few discordant values the exponent rule appeared to hold for CL (0.75) and Vd (1.0) for the predictions of various DPP-IV inhibitors. Regardless of the routes, the predicted values were within 2-3 fold of observed values and intravenous allometry was better than oral allometry.<BR><B>CONCLUSIONS: </B>Simple allometry retrospectively predicted with reasonable accuracy the human reported values of gliptins and could be used as a prospective tool for this class of drugs.