%0 Journal Article
%T Consensus-based identification of factors related to false-positives in ultrasound scanning of synovitis and tenosynovitis.
%A Ikeda K
%A Narita A
%A Ogasawara M
%A Ohno S
%A Kawahito Y
%A Kawakami A
%A Ito H
%A Matsushita I
%A Suzuki T
%A Misaki K
%A Ogura T
%A Kamishima T
%A Seto Y
%A Nakahara R
%A Kaneko A
%A Nakamura T
%A Henmi M
%A Fukae J
%A Nishida K
%A Sumida T
%A Koike T
%J Mod Rheumatol
%V 26
%N 1
%D 2016
%M 26382930
%F 2.862
%R 10.3109/14397595.2015.1091123
%X <B>BACKGROUND: </B>We aimed to identify causes of false-positives in ultrasound scanning of synovial/tenosynovial/bursal inflammation and provide corresponding imaging examples.<BR><B>METHODS: </B>We first performed systematic literature review to identify previously reported causes of false-positives. We next determined causes of false-positives and corresponding example images for educational material through Delphi exercises and discussion by 15 experts who were an instructor and/or a lecturer in the 2013 advanced course for musculoskeletal ultrasound organized by Japan College of Rheumatology Committee for the Standardization of Musculoskeletal Ultrasonography.<BR><B>RESULTS: </B>Systematic literature review identified 11 articles relevant to sonographic false-positives of synovial/tenosynovial inflammation. Based on these studies, 21 candidate causes of false-positives were identified in the consensus meeting. Of these items, 11 achieved a predefined consensus (≥ 80%) in Delphi exercise and were classified as follows: (I) Gray-scale assessment [(A) non-specific synovial findings and (B) normal anatomical structures which can mimic synovial lesions due to either their low echogenicity or anisotropy]; (II) Doppler assessment [(A) Intra-articular normal vessels and (B) reverberation)]. Twenty-four corresponding examples with 49 still and 23 video images also achieved consensus.<BR><B>CONCLUSIONS: </B>Our study provides a set of representative images that can help sonographers to understand false-positives in ultrasound scanning of synovitis and tenosynovitis.