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Abstract：
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a serious public health problem in various Asian countries, including Sri Lanka, and a combination of cultural practices, lifestyle factors, and genetic predispositions influences the incidence of these cancers. The examination of the connection between exposure to heavy metals and the probability of developing oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) and OSCC has been limited in its scope, and the overall consequences of such exposure remain largely unknown. This study aims to clarify the link between serum levels of heavy metals and the risk of OSCC and OPMD. The concentrations of seven heavy metals-namely, arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn)-were analyzed in serum samples from 60 cases and 15 controls in the Sri Lankan cohort. The Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) was used for the analysis. Subsequently, the data underwent statistical evaluation via the Kruskal-Wallis H test, using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 28 software, with a confidence interval set at 95%. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The cohort consisted of 48 men and 27 women, with 15 patients each diagnosed with OSCC, OSF, OLK, and OLP, and 15 healthy controls. The study used the Kruskal-Wallis Test to compare metal concentrations across groups, finding significant differences for all metals except As and Pb. Significant associations were observed between age, past medical history, drug history, gender, smoking, alcohol consumption, and betel chewing. The Spearman Correlation test showed significant correlations between the concentrations of Cr, Co, Cu, As, and Zn and the presence of cancer/precancer conditions. The study\'s findings suggest that heavy metal contamination may be linked to the development of OSCC and precancerous conditions. When comparing OSCC and OPMD cases with controls, the serum concentrations of As and Pb did not differ significantly. However, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, and Zn exhibited significantly higher concentrations among cases compared to controls (p < 0.05). This study observed significant variations in the levels of these five heavy metals among cancerous (OSCC), premalignant (OPMD), and healthy tissues, suggesting a potential role in the progression of malignancies. These findings underscore the importance of environmental pollution in this specific context.
摘要：
口腔鳞状细胞癌(OSCC)是亚洲各国严重的公共卫生问题,包括斯里兰卡,和文化习俗的结合，生活方式因素，遗传易感性会影响这些癌症的发病率。对暴露于重金属与发生口腔潜在恶性疾病（OPMD）和OSCC的可能性之间的联系的检查范围有限，这种暴露的总体后果在很大程度上仍然未知。本研究旨在阐明血清重金属水平与OSCC和OPMD风险之间的联系。七种重金属的浓度，即，砷（As），镉(Cd),铬(Cr),钴(Co),铜(Cu),铅(Pb),在斯里兰卡队列中，对60例病例和15例对照的血清样本中的锌（Zn）进行了分析。使用电感耦合等离子体-光学发射光谱法(ICP-OES)进行分析。随后，数据通过Kruskal-WallisH检验进行统计评估，使用社会科学统计软件包(SPSS)28版软件，置信区间设置为95%。小于0.05的p值被认为是统计学上显著的。该队列由48名男性和27名女性组成，15名患者均被诊断为OSCC,OSF,OLK,OLP,和15个健康对照。该研究使用Kruskal-Wallis测试来比较各组的金属浓度，发现除As和Pb以外的所有金属都存在显著差异。观察到年龄之间的显着关联，既往病史,药物史,性别,吸烟,酒精消费,还有嚼槟榔.Spearman相关性检验表明，Cr浓度之间存在显着相关性，Co,Cu,As,和锌以及癌症/癌前病变的存在。研究结果表明，重金属污染可能与OSCC和癌前病变的发展有关。当将OSCC和OPMD病例与对照进行比较时，As和Pb的血清浓度没有显着差异。然而,Cd,Cr,Co,Cu,与对照组相比，病例中锌和锌的浓度明显更高（p<0.05）。这项研究观察到癌症（OSCC）中这五种重金属的水平存在显着变化，癌前病变（OPMD），和健康的组织，提示在恶性肿瘤进展中的潜在作用。这些发现强调了环境污染在这一特定背景下的重要性。
