Abstract：
Long coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is linked to an increased risk of post-acute sequelae affecting the pulmonary and extrapulmonary organ systems. Up to 20% of COVID-19 patients may proceed to a more serious form, such as severe pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), or pulmonary fibrosis. Still, the majority of patients may only have mild, self-limiting sickness. Of particular concern is the possibility of parenchymal fibrosis and lung dysfunction in long-term COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, it has been observed that up to 43% of individuals hospitalized with COVID-19 also had acute renal injury (AKI). Care for kidney, brain, lung, cardiovascular, liver, ocular, and tissue injuries should be included in post-acute COVID-19 treatment. As a powerful immunomodulatory tool in regenerative medicine, dental stem cells (DSCs) have drawn much interest. Numerous immune cells and cytokines are involved in the excessive inflammatory response, which also has a significant effect on tissue regeneration. A unique reservoir of stem cells (SCs) for treating acute lung injury (ALI), liver damage, neurological diseases, cardiovascular issues, and renal damage may be found in tooth tissue, according to much research. Moreover, a growing corpus of in vivo research is connecting DSC-derived extracellular vesicles (DSC-EVs), which are essential paracrine effectors, to the beneficial effects of DSCs. DSC-EVs, which contain bioactive components and therapeutic potential in certain disorders, have been shown as potentially effective therapies for tissue damage after COVID-19. Consequently, we explore the properties of DSCs in this work. Next, we\'ll look at how SARS-CoV-2 affects tissue damage. Lastly, we have looked at the use of DSCs and DSC-EVs in managing COVID-19 and chronic tissue damage, such as injury to the heart, brain, lung, and other tissues.
摘要：
长冠状病毒病2019（COVID-19）与急性后遗症影响肺和肺外器官系统的风险增加有关。高达20%的COVID-19患者可能会发展为更严重的形式，比如重症肺炎,急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS），或肺纤维化。尽管如此，大多数患者可能只有轻度，自我限制的疾病。特别值得关注的是长期COVID-19患者的实质纤维化和肺功能障碍的可能性。此外，据观察,多达43%的COVID-19住院患者也有急性肾损伤(AKI).照顾肾脏，大脑,肺，心血管,肝脏,眼,和组织损伤应包括在急性COVID-19治疗后。作为再生医学中强大的免疫调节工具，牙科干细胞（DSC）引起了极大的兴趣。大量的免疫细胞和细胞因子参与过度的炎症反应，这对组织再生也有显著的影响。一种用于治疗急性肺损伤（ALI）的独特的干细胞（SCs）库，肝损伤,神经系统疾病,心血管问题,肾脏损伤可能在牙齿组织中发现，根据许多研究。此外，越来越多的体内研究正在连接DSC衍生的细胞外囊泡(DSC-EV)，它们是必不可少的旁分泌效应物，对DSC的有益作用。DSC-EV，含有生物活性成分和某些疾病的治疗潜力，已被证明是治疗COVID-19后组织损伤的潜在有效疗法。因此,在这项工作中，我们探索了DSC的特性。接下来,我们将看看SARS-CoV-2如何影响组织损伤。最后,我们研究了DSC和DSC-EV在管理COVID-19和慢性组织损伤中的应用，比如对心脏的伤害，大脑,肺，和其他组织。
