Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to explore the \"second victim\" phenomenon in healthcare professions students following an adverse event.
BACKGROUND: In healthcare settings, adverse events affect not only patients but also the involved healthcare personnel, who experience a wide range of physical and psychological responses, a situation known as the second victim phenomenon. This phenomenon also extends to students in health-related professions during their clinical training, yet there needs to be more research specifically addressing this group.
METHODS: A scoping review METHODS: This scoping review was guided by Arksey and O\'Malley\'s methodological framework. In December 2023, we conducted a comprehensive database search in PubMed, the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) Complete, Web of Science (WoS), Scopus and the Virtual Health Library (VHL). The review included original research studies of any design that focused on the second victim phenomenon among students, published in English, Spanish, German or Portuguese, with no restrictions on the publication date. The review was reported according to PRISMA-ScR guidelines.
RESULTS: Seven studies were selected, primarily involving nursing and medical students. Common triggers of the second victim phenomenon in students were medication errors, patient falls and procedural errors. Described symptoms ranged from emotional distress, such as stress and hypervigilance, to physical symptoms, like sleep disturbances. Among the factors that influenced how this \"second victim\" phenomenon manifested in students were the reactions of their peers and the lack of support from supervisors. Contrary to the three possible outcomes described for professionals as second victims (surviving, thriving, or leaving), students are only described with two: giving up or moving on.
CONCLUSIONS: The studies highlighted the crucial role of peer and supervisor support in managing such difficult situations. The results suggest that additional research is necessary in other healthcare disciplines. Educational and healthcare institutions should improve their preventive and management strategies to address the phenomenon\'s impact on students.
BACKGROUND: In healthcare settings, adverse events affect not only patients but also the involved healthcare personnel, who experience a wide range of physical and psychological responses, a situation known as the second victim phenomenon. This phenomenon also extends to students in health-related professions during their clinical training, yet there needs to be more research specifically addressing this group.
METHODS: A scoping review METHODS: This scoping review was guided by Arksey and O\'Malley\'s methodological framework. In December 2023, we conducted a comprehensive database search in PubMed, the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) Complete, Web of Science (WoS), Scopus and the Virtual Health Library (VHL). The review included original research studies of any design that focused on the second victim phenomenon among students, published in English, Spanish, German or Portuguese, with no restrictions on the publication date. The review was reported according to PRISMA-ScR guidelines.
RESULTS: Seven studies were selected, primarily involving nursing and medical students. Common triggers of the second victim phenomenon in students were medication errors, patient falls and procedural errors. Described symptoms ranged from emotional distress, such as stress and hypervigilance, to physical symptoms, like sleep disturbances. Among the factors that influenced how this \"second victim\" phenomenon manifested in students were the reactions of their peers and the lack of support from supervisors. Contrary to the three possible outcomes described for professionals as second victims (surviving, thriving, or leaving), students are only described with two: giving up or moving on.
CONCLUSIONS: The studies highlighted the crucial role of peer and supervisor support in managing such difficult situations. The results suggest that additional research is necessary in other healthcare disciplines. Educational and healthcare institutions should improve their preventive and management strategies to address the phenomenon\'s impact on students.
摘要：
目的：本研究旨在探讨医疗专业学生在不良事件后的“第二受害者”现象。
背景：在医疗保健环境中，不良事件不仅会影响患者，还会影响相关的医护人员，他们经历了广泛的身体和心理反应，一种被称为第二受害者现象的情况。这种现象也延伸到卫生相关专业的学生在临床培训期间,然而，需要更多的研究专门针对这一群体。
方法：范围审查方法：此范围审查由Arksey和O'Malley的方法框架指导。2023年12月，我们在PubMed进行了全面的数据库搜索，护理和相关健康文献累积指数(CINAHL)完成，WebofScience(WoS),Scopus和虚拟健康图书馆（VHL）该评论包括针对学生中第二个受害者现象的任何设计的原始研究，以英文出版,西班牙语,德语或葡萄牙语,对发布日期没有限制。该审查是根据PRISMA-ScR指南报告的。
结果：选择了7项研究，主要涉及护理和医学生。学生中第二个受害者现象的常见诱因是用药错误，患者跌倒和程序错误。描述的症状包括情绪困扰，比如压力和过度警惕，身体症状，比如睡眠障碍。影响这种“第二受害者”现象在学生中表现的因素之一是同龄人的反应和主管缺乏支持。与专业人士作为第二受害者描述的三种可能结果相反(幸存下来，欣欣向荣,或离开)，学生只描述了两个：放弃或继续前进。
结论：这些研究强调了同伴和主管支持在处理此类困难情况中的关键作用。结果表明，在其他医疗保健学科中需要进行更多的研究。教育和医疗保健机构应改善其预防和管理策略，以解决这种现象对学生的影响。
背景：在医疗保健环境中，不良事件不仅会影响患者，还会影响相关的医护人员，他们经历了广泛的身体和心理反应，一种被称为第二受害者现象的情况。这种现象也延伸到卫生相关专业的学生在临床培训期间,然而，需要更多的研究专门针对这一群体。
方法：范围审查方法：此范围审查由Arksey和O'Malley的方法框架指导。2023年12月，我们在PubMed进行了全面的数据库搜索，护理和相关健康文献累积指数(CINAHL)完成，WebofScience(WoS),Scopus和虚拟健康图书馆（VHL）该评论包括针对学生中第二个受害者现象的任何设计的原始研究，以英文出版,西班牙语,德语或葡萄牙语,对发布日期没有限制。该审查是根据PRISMA-ScR指南报告的。
结果：选择了7项研究，主要涉及护理和医学生。学生中第二个受害者现象的常见诱因是用药错误，患者跌倒和程序错误。描述的症状包括情绪困扰，比如压力和过度警惕，身体症状，比如睡眠障碍。影响这种“第二受害者”现象在学生中表现的因素之一是同龄人的反应和主管缺乏支持。与专业人士作为第二受害者描述的三种可能结果相反(幸存下来，欣欣向荣,或离开)，学生只描述了两个：放弃或继续前进。
结论：这些研究强调了同伴和主管支持在处理此类困难情况中的关键作用。结果表明，在其他医疗保健学科中需要进行更多的研究。教育和医疗保健机构应改善其预防和管理策略，以解决这种现象对学生的影响。
