Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: To discuss the social, psychological, and access barriers that inhibit weight loss, and to propose steps and initiatives for addressing the growing obesity epidemic.
METHODS: Narrative review of the obesity epidemic in the US and associated racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities.
METHODS: An internet search of relevant studies and government reports was conducted.
RESULTS: Obesity is a significant health crisis affecting more than 123 million adults and children/adolescents in the US. An estimated 1 in 5 deaths in Black and White individuals aged 40 to 85 years in the US is attributable to obesity. Obesity puts individuals at elevated risk for type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, gastrointestinal disorders, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, cancer, respiratory ailments, dementia/Alzheimer disease, and other disorders. In the US, significantly more Black (49.9%) and Hispanic (45.6%) individuals are affected by obesity than White (41.4%) and Asian (16.1%) individuals. Health care costs for obesity account for more than $260 billion of annual US health care spending-more than 50% greater in excess annual medical costs per person than individuals with normal weight.
CONCLUSIONS: Addressing the obesity epidemic will require a multifaceted approach that focuses on prevention, treatment, and reducing the impact of stigma. Continued advocacy and education efforts are necessary to make progress and improve the health and well-being of individuals affected by obesity.
METHODS: Narrative review of the obesity epidemic in the US and associated racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities.
METHODS: An internet search of relevant studies and government reports was conducted.
RESULTS: Obesity is a significant health crisis affecting more than 123 million adults and children/adolescents in the US. An estimated 1 in 5 deaths in Black and White individuals aged 40 to 85 years in the US is attributable to obesity. Obesity puts individuals at elevated risk for type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, gastrointestinal disorders, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, cancer, respiratory ailments, dementia/Alzheimer disease, and other disorders. In the US, significantly more Black (49.9%) and Hispanic (45.6%) individuals are affected by obesity than White (41.4%) and Asian (16.1%) individuals. Health care costs for obesity account for more than $260 billion of annual US health care spending-more than 50% greater in excess annual medical costs per person than individuals with normal weight.
CONCLUSIONS: Addressing the obesity epidemic will require a multifaceted approach that focuses on prevention, treatment, and reducing the impact of stigma. Continued advocacy and education efforts are necessary to make progress and improve the health and well-being of individuals affected by obesity.
摘要：
目的：讨论社会，心理,以及阻碍减肥的障碍，并提出解决日益增长的肥胖症流行的步骤和倡议。
方法：美国肥胖流行和相关种族/民族和社会经济差异的叙事回顾。
方法：对相关研究和政府报告进行了互联网搜索。
结果：肥胖是一种严重的健康危机，影响美国超过1.23亿成年人和儿童/青少年。在美国，年龄在40至85岁的黑人和白人中，估计有五分之一的死亡归因于肥胖。肥胖使个体患2型糖尿病的风险升高，心血管疾病,慢性肾病,胃肠道疾病，非酒精性脂肪性肝病,癌症,呼吸系统疾病,痴呆/阿尔茨海默病,和其他疾病。在美国,受肥胖影响的黑人(49.9%)和西班牙裔(45.6%)明显多于白人(41.4%)和亚洲(16.1%).肥胖的医疗保健费用占美国年度医疗保健支出的2600亿美元以上-与正常体重的个人相比，每人每年的超额医疗费用高出50%以上。
结论：解决肥胖流行需要多层面的方法，重点是预防，治疗,减少污名的影响。持续的宣传和教育努力对于取得进展和改善受肥胖影响的个人的健康和福祉是必要的。
方法：美国肥胖流行和相关种族/民族和社会经济差异的叙事回顾。
方法：对相关研究和政府报告进行了互联网搜索。
结果：肥胖是一种严重的健康危机，影响美国超过1.23亿成年人和儿童/青少年。在美国，年龄在40至85岁的黑人和白人中，估计有五分之一的死亡归因于肥胖。肥胖使个体患2型糖尿病的风险升高，心血管疾病,慢性肾病,胃肠道疾病，非酒精性脂肪性肝病,癌症,呼吸系统疾病,痴呆/阿尔茨海默病,和其他疾病。在美国,受肥胖影响的黑人(49.9%)和西班牙裔(45.6%)明显多于白人(41.4%)和亚洲(16.1%).肥胖的医疗保健费用占美国年度医疗保健支出的2600亿美元以上-与正常体重的个人相比，每人每年的超额医疗费用高出50%以上。
结论：解决肥胖流行需要多层面的方法，重点是预防，治疗,减少污名的影响。持续的宣传和教育努力对于取得进展和改善受肥胖影响的个人的健康和福祉是必要的。
