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Abstract：
Introduction Intracranial cysts (ICs) are rare pathologies that are often found incidentally during radiological examinations. They may appear in various brain regions and are categorized as normal, congenital, traumatic, or tumor-associated variants. ICs can be asymptomatic or cause symptoms, such as headaches, visual impairments, or seizures, depending on their size and location. Severe complications include obstructive hydrocephalus, loss of consciousness, and intracranial bleeding. Surgical excision is the most accepted type of management in most ICs. Objectives This study aimed to evaluate 27 surgically managed ICs in a tertiary hospital focusing on their clinical, radiological, histopathological, surgical outcomes, and prognosis to enhance understanding and management of these rare, benign cysts. Methodology This retrospective cohort study included 27 surgically managed ICs with pathological confirmation in King Abdulaziz Medical City, National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, from May 2016 to May 2023. All extracranial and nonsurgically managed cysts have been excluded from this study. Data on demographics, clinical presentations, radiological features, surgical outcomes, and follow-up were retrospectively extracted and analyzed. MRI and CT scans were reviewed to determine cyst characteristics. Surgical outcomes and postoperative complications were recorded. Data were collected via Google Forms and analyzed using the JMP Pro software. Ethical approval was obtained from King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Results The study included 27 ICs: 11 (40.74%) colloid cysts, six (22.22%) epidermoid cysts, five (18.51%) adamantinomatous craniopharyngiomas, two (7.40%) neuroepithelial cysts, and one each of Rathke\'s cleft cyst (3.70%), xanthogranuloma (3.70%), and dermoid cyst (3.70%). All 27 cases were surgically managed (100.00%), with gross total resection achieved in 14 (51.85%) cases. Only 12 cases (44.44%) did not develop any surgical complications. Twenty-two cases (81.48%) experienced an improvement in the preoperative presenting symptoms. During the follow-up, only three cases (11.11%) had evidence of recurrence. Conclusion This study analyzed 27 ICs of various histopathological types. Each type showed distinct clinical and radiological features. Surgical management generally improved preoperative symptoms with low mortality and recurrence rates, although complications were common. Identifying specific radiological features is crucial for an accurate preoperative diagnosis and optimal surgical outcomes.
摘要：
介绍颅内囊肿（IC）是罕见的病理，通常在放射学检查中偶然发现。它们可能出现在不同的大脑区域，被归类为正常，先天性,创伤性,或肿瘤相关变异。IC可以无症状或引起症状，比如头痛，视觉障碍，或癫痫发作，取决于它们的大小和位置。严重的并发症包括梗阻性脑积水,失去意识,颅内出血.手术切除是大多数IC中最接受的管理类型。目的本研究旨在评估三级医院的27个手术管理IC，重点是他们的临床，放射学,组织病理学,手术结果,和预后，以增强对这些罕见疾病的理解和管理，良性囊肿.方法这项回顾性队列研究包括在阿卜杜勒阿齐兹国王医疗城进行病理证实的27例手术管理的IC，国民警卫队卫生事务,吉达,沙特阿拉伯,从2016年5月到2023年5月。本研究排除了所有颅外和非手术治疗的囊肿。人口统计数据，临床表现,放射学特征，手术结果,并对随访情况进行回顾性提取和分析。回顾MRI和CT扫描以确定囊肿特征。记录手术效果及术后并发症。通过GoogleForms收集数据并使用JMPPro软件进行分析。道德批准是从阿卜杜拉国王国际医学研究中心获得的，吉达,沙特阿拉伯。结果该研究包括27个IC：11个（40.74％）胶体囊肿，6个（22.22%）表皮样囊肿，5例（18.51%）金刚烷虫颅咽管瘤，两个（7.40%）神经上皮囊肿，Rathke裂隙囊肿各1例(3.70%),黄色肉芽肿（3.70%），皮样囊肿(3.70%)。27例均经手术治疗(100.00%),14例（51.85％）实现了总切除。只有12例（44.44%）没有发生任何手术并发症。22例（81.48％）的术前症状有所改善。在后续行动中,只有3例(11.11%)有复发证据.结论本研究分析了不同组织病理学类型的27个IC。每种类型均显示出不同的临床和放射学特征。手术治疗通常可以改善术前症状，死亡率和复发率低。尽管并发症很常见。识别特定的放射学特征对于准确的术前诊断和最佳的手术结果至关重要。
