PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
This study used metatranscriptomics to investigate the effects of concentrate diet level on rumen microbiome composition and function in goats. A total of 12 healthy 120-day-old Da\'er goats were randomly allotted into two treatments: L group (low dietary concentrate level group, concentrate: forage ratio was 25: 75) and H group (high dietary concentrate level group, concentrate: forage ratio was 80: 20). The study included a 10-day pre-feeding period and a 60-day growth experiment. The results showed that compared with the L group, the average daily gain and the slaughter rate in the H group were increased, while the F/G was decreased; the concentration of lactate and ammonia nitrogen, and the proportion of butyrate and valerate in the rumen of the H group were increased, while the proportion of acetate, and the ratio of acetate to propionate were decreased (p < 0.05). Among rumen bacteria, compared with the L group, the H group significantly decreased the relative abundance of Firmicutes and Fibrobacteria at the phylum level, decreased the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes, Fibrobacter, and Sarcina and increased the relative abundance of Clostridium at the genus level, and decreased the relative abundance of Fibrobacter succinogenes, Sarcina sp. DSM 11001, Oscillibacter sp. KLE 1728, and Ruminococcus flavefaciens and increased the relative abundance of Clostridium sp. ND2 and Firmicutes bacteria CAG: 103 at the species level (p < 0.05). Among rumen fungi, the relative abundance of Basidiomycota, Neocallimastigomycota, Mortierella, Mortierella elongata, and Gonapodyna prolifera was lower in the H group than that in the L group (p < 0.05). Functional annotation results showed that the abundance of Glycoside hydrolases genes in rumen microbiome was significantly decreased in the H group compared to the L group (p < 0.05). The result of KEGG DEGs enrichment analysis showed that the gene expression of cellulose 1,4-β-cellobiosidase, acetyl-CoA hydrolase, lactate dehydrogenase, succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase, D-malate dehydrogenase and related genes in methane production pathways of rumen microbiome was decreased in the H group. In summary, feeding high concentrate diets improved the production performance of goats, altered the structure and composition of rumen microbiome and changed the function of rumen microbiome.
摘要：
本研究采用代谢组学研究了浓缩日粮水平对山羊瘤胃微生物组成和功能的影响。将12只健康的120日龄大耳山羊随机分为两种处理：L组（低饮食浓缩物水平组，浓缩物：饲料比为25：75）和H组（高饲料浓缩物水平组，浓缩物：牧草比为80：20）。该研究包括10天的预喂养期和60天的生长实验。结果表明,与L组相比,H组的平均日增重和屠宰率增加，而F/G降低；乳酸和氨氮的浓度，H组瘤胃中丁酸和戊酸的比例增加，而乙酸盐的比例，乙酸盐与丙酸盐的比例降低（p<0.05）。瘤胃细菌中，与L组相比，H组显着降低了门水平上Firmicutes和纤维杆菌的相对丰度，降低了拟杆菌的相对丰度，纤维杆菌,和Sarcina，并在属水平上增加了梭菌的相对丰度，并降低了琥珀酸纤维杆菌的相对丰度，Sarcinasp.DSM11001，镰刀杆菌属。KLE1728和黄腐菌，并增加了梭状芽胞杆菌的相对丰度。ND2和Firmicutes细菌CAG：103在物种水平（p<0.05）。瘤胃真菌中,担子菌的相对丰度，新马尾藻，被孢霉,长毛被孢霉,与L组相比，H组的淋球菌增殖率降低（p<0.05）。功效成果注解，H组瘤胃微生物组中糖苷水解酶基因丰度较L组明显下降（p<0.05）。KEGGDEGG富集分析结果表明,纤维素1,4-β-纤维二糖糖苷酶的基因表达,乙酰辅酶A水解酶,乳酸脱氢酶,琥珀酸半醛脱氢酶,H组瘤胃微生物组产甲烷途径中D-苹果酸脱氢酶及相关基因降低。总之,饲喂高浓缩日粮提高了山羊的生产性能，改变了瘤胃微生物组的结构和组成，改变了瘤胃微生物组的功能。
