PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Millions of microorganisms make up the complex microbial ecosystem found in the human gut. The immune system\'s interaction with the gut microbiota is essential for preventing inflammation and maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Numerous metabolic products that can cross-talk between immune cells and the gut epithelium are metabolized by the gut microbiota. Traumatic injury elicits a great and multifaceted immune response in the minutes after the initial offense, containing simultaneous pro- and anti-inflammatory responses. The development of innovative therapies that improve patient outcomes depends on the gut microbiota and immunological responses to trauma. The altered makeup of gut microbes, or gut dysbiosis, can also dysregulate immunological responses, resulting in inflammation. Major human diseases may become more common as a result of chronic dysbiosis and the translocation of bacteria and the products of their metabolism beyond the mucosal barrier. In this review, we briefly summarize the interactions between the gut microbiota and the immune system and human disease and their therapeutic probiotic formulations. We also discuss the immune response to traumatic injury.
摘要：
数以百万计的微生物构成了人类肠道中发现的复杂的微生物生态系统。免疫系统与肠道微生物群的相互作用对于预防炎症和维持肠道稳态至关重要。可以在免疫细胞和肠上皮之间进行串扰的许多代谢产物被肠道微生物群代谢。创伤在初次进攻后的几分钟内引发了巨大而多方面的免疫反应，同时含有促炎和抗炎反应。改善患者预后的创新疗法的发展取决于肠道微生物群和对创伤的免疫反应。肠道微生物组成的改变，或者肠道生态失调，也可以失调免疫反应，导致炎症。由于慢性菌群失调以及细菌及其代谢产物的移位超出粘膜屏障，人类主要疾病可能变得更加普遍。在这次审查中,我们简要总结了肠道菌群与免疫系统和人类疾病之间的相互作用及其治疗性益生菌制剂。我们还讨论了对创伤性损伤的免疫反应。
